Hypatia
A Hypatia (b sẽn dog yʋʋmd 350-370 - yʋʋmd 415 tʋʋl-nuga)[1][2] yaa Neoplatonist filozof, bãngd a yembr la matematɛk soab sẽn da be Alegzandri, Ezipt.[a] A Alegzandri, a Hypatia ra yaa tagsda sẽn da tar yõod wʋsg sẽn zãmsda nebã bũmb nins sẽn yaa filozofi la astronomi wã, la a vɩɩmã pʋgẽ, a ra yaa karen-saamb sẽn yaa kãseng la sagend sẽn tar yam.[3]Pa pipi yʋʋm kob-gĩnd a naas-n-soab a ye sẽn yaa Alexandri pag matematɛk soab ye, a Hypatia ra yaa Pandrosion n deng-a.[4]La a Hypatia yaa pipi pag sẽn yaa matematɛk soab ning b sẽn gʋls a vɩɩmã sõma wã.[5] A gʋlsa sebr a ye a Diophantus sẽn gʋls seb-biis piig la a tãab pʋgẽ, a Arithmetica, sẽn tõe n põs ne a fãaga, a sẽn da kẽes a Diophantos sɛbẽ wã pʋgẽ wã, la a gʋlsa sebr ning a Apollonius sẽn ya Perga ned sẽn gʋls ne seb-bi-zĩis nins sẽn yaa konikã wɛɛngẽ wã, tɩ pa paam n põs ye. Rũndã-rũndã, bãngdb wʋsg tẽedame me tɩ tõe tɩ a Hipatia ra sak n tikame n yiis a ba a Teyon sẽn gom a Almagest sebrã sebrã a III wã zugu.
A Hypatia ra tara astrolabes la hydrometers, la a pa naan b yiibã fãa ye, tɩ b ra tũnugda ne-b lame hal tɩ deng a rogmã. A ra sakda kiris-nebã, la a zãmsda kiris-neb karen-biis wʋsg, a sẽn naag n yɩ Ptolomee bispu. Kẽer gʋlsa tɩ pagbã ne kiris-nebã ra nong a Hypatia wʋsgo, la tɩ a talla pãn-tusdg wʋsg Alexandri politikã taoor dãmb sʋka. A sẽn wa n kolg a vɩɩmã sɛɛb wakate, a Hipatia sagla a Orestes sẽn yaa Rom tẽnga naab sẽn da be Alexandri wã. B ra yetame t'a Orestes pa tõog n paam zems-n-taar ne a Cyrille ye. La yʋʋm4d 415 t.e. t.v., b kʋ-a lame. A Pɩyɛɛr sẽn da yaa karen-saamb n na n wilg a sẽn yaa kiris-nedã taoor soaba.[6][7]
A Hypatia kʋrã kɩtame tɩ b pa tõog n deeg a naamã ye. Yʋʋm kobs-sʋkã sasa, b ra sakda a Hypatia n get-a tɩ yaa kiris-neb sõmblem makrã mak-sõngo, la bãngdbã tẽedame tɩ a ra yaa a Saint Catherine de Alexandrie kibarã tusr a ye. Wakat ning b sẽn wa n zãmsd nebã Biiblã, a lebga katolik tũudmã kɩɩsgã mak-sõng. Yʋʋm kob-gĩnd 19 soabã pʋgẽ, Europã sɛbã, sẽn yɩɩd fãa Charles Kingsley sẽn gʋls a Hypatia sebrã yʋʋmd 1853 wã, ra yetame tɩ yẽ yaa "Hellene wã sẽn yaa a poorẽ soabã". Yʋʋm kobs a 20 soabã pʋgẽ, b ra geta a Hypatia wa pagb sẽn tar sor n na n wilg b mens ne b mens tɩ b segd n tũ b mens ne a Zeova. Sẽn sɩng ne yʋʋm kob-gĩnd 20 soabã saabẽ wã, b wilga bũmb kẽer sẽn wilgd tɩ a Hypatia kũumã kɩtame tɩ b sãam Alexandri sɛbdo, baa ne bũmb ning sẽn zĩnd pĩnd wẽndẽ wã sẽn wilgd tɩ sɛbdo wã ka le be a Hypatia wakatẽ wã.[8]
D vɩɩmã
[tekre | teke sidgem]B sẽn wubd kambã
[tekre | teke sidgem]A Hypatia ra yaa matematɛk soab a Theon sẽn be Alexandria (sa-k. 335 - sa-k. 405 AD) bi-pugli.[9] Sã n yaa ne pĩnd wẽndẽ pĩnd wẽndẽ karen-biig a Edward J. A Watts, Theon da yaa lekoll sẽn boond tɩ "Mouseion" wã taoor soaba, sẽn paam a yʋʋr sẽn yɩ a Hellenistic Mouseion wã makrã yĩnga,[10]tɩ b ra pa le yaa b tẽedba yʋʋmd 260 wã pʋgẽ.[11]A Theon lekollã ra yaa sẽn tar pãng wʋsgo, sẽn tar waoogre, la sẽn get b sẽn zãmsd nebã bũmb ninsã. A Teyon zãgsame a Iamblichus zãmsgã la tõe n yɩɩ a sẽn zãms a Plotinien Neoplatonism sẽn yaa sõma wã.[12]Baa a sẽn da get a Teon wa sẽn yaa matematɛk soab wakat kãnga,[13] Theon matematɛk tʋʋmã paama yam ne rũndã-rũndã noy tɩ yaa "sẽn ka tar yõod ye",[14]"sẽn pa tar yõod ye" la "sẽn yaa toor fasɩ".A sẽn maan bũmb ning n yɩɩd fãa wã yaa a sẽn yiis Euclid's Elements sebrã n maneg sɛb-rãmbã sẽn maan yʋʋm 700 sẽn loog n dɩk kopi wã pʋgẽ.[15]A Theon sẽn yiis Euclidã wã yɛlã lebga seb-kãngã seb-kãngã sẽn da yaa kãseng n yɩɩd yʋʋm kob-gĩns pʋsẽ la a sẽn dɩk zĩig zãng fasɩ ne neb a taabã fãa.A Zeova sẽn kõ-b noorã
Pa mi a Mari yell ye. A Maari pa be Biiblã pʋgẽ ye.[16]A Teyon kõ a gom-bi-kãnga a Ptolomee Almagest sebrã a IV sebrã zugu, n bool-a t'a Epiphanius, a sẽn boond-a t"m bi-nongre", la a wilgame t'a tõe n yɩɩ a Hypatia ba-biigã, la Gɛrk gom-biig ning a Teyon sẽn tũnug ne wã pa rat n yeel tɩ "bi-nongre" yĩng ye.[17]A Hypatia rogmã yʋʋm sẽn yaa sɩda ket n yaa wẽnga, la b wilgame tɩ b dogma yaa yʋʋmd 350 n tãag yʋʋmd 370 sẽn vẽege.Zãmsdb wʋsg tũuda a Richard Hoche n tags tɩ b dogla a Hypatia yʋʋmd 370 wã poor. A Damascius sẽn da pa le tõe n bãng a Zezi yell n bãngã wilgdame tɩ a ra tara pãng a Arcadius naamã sasa. A Hoche yeelame tɩ a Damasus sẽn wilg a sẽn yaa a sẽn yaa nin-sõngo wã rat n yeelame t'a ra tara yʋʋm 30 wakat kãnga, la tɩ yʋʋmd 370 wã yaa yʋʋm 30 sẽn deng Arcadius naamã sasa.Sẽn yaa to-to wã, b yetame tɩ b dogma yaa yʋʋmd 350 wã, la b base-a lame tɩ b gʋlsd a Zã Malas sẽn yaa yʋʋm 491 n tãag 578 wã sẽn bool-a tɩ a ki wã yʋʋmd 415 wã. A Penella yeelame tɩ b pa tõe n bãng a rogmã daar ye.[18]
Karẽn-bi-pugl
[tekre | teke sidgem]A Hypatia ra yaa Neoplatonist, la wa a ba wã, a zãgsame a Iamblichus zãmsgã, la a sakame a Plotinus sẽn da kõ-a neoplatonism ning sẽn yaa pipi wã. A Alexandrie karen-bi-puglã ra mii a filozofi wã wakat kãnga, la b ra getame tɩ Alessandri yaa Gɛrɛk-Rom dũniyã filosofi wã tẽn-tẽngã. A Hypatia zãmsa karen-biis sẽn yit tẽn-kãnga fãa pʋgẽ. A Damascius yeelame t'a ra zãmsda Platõ la Aristotɛl sɛb zugu.A yeelame me tɩ a kẽnga Alegsãndri ne tãb-biis sẽn yaa wa tãb-bõoneg sẽn yaa bũmb sẽn yaa wa b sẽn da pakd a to ne filozofbã, n kõt zãma lektor sẽn pa yɩll ye.[19]
A Watts yeelame tɩ yʋʋm kob-gĩnd a naas-n-soabã saabẽ, b zãmsda neb a yiib sẽn yaa Neoplatonizmã. Pipi yaa neoplatonism ning sẽn yaa tũudum sẽn yaa pagã sẽn zãmsd nebã Serapeum wã, la a Iamblichus zãmsgã kɩtame tɩ nebã bãng-a wʋsgo. A yiib-n-soabã yaa a Hypatia ne a ba Theon sẽn da get a Plotinus zãmsgã yelle. Baa ne a Hypatia sẽn da yaa pagã, a ra sakda kiris-neb ye. Sɩd me, a karen-biis nins a sẽn da mi wã fãa yaa kiris-ne. A karen-bi-poak a ye sẽn yaa kãseng n yɩɩdã yaa Sirene ned a ye, a Sinesius, sẽn lebg Ptolomee bispo (masã sẽn be Libi soolmã rʋʋgẽ wã) yʋʋmd 410 wã.[20]Rẽ poore, a kell n paama lɛtr ne a Hypatia la a lɛtrã sẽn ket n be wã yaa yẽ tʋʋmdã koe-moonegã sor-kãsengã.A Sinesius sẽn gʋls lɛtr a yopoe ne a Hypatia wã ket n bee be, la b pa paam-a ye.A gʋlsa lɛtr sẽn kẽed ne a zoa a Herculianus yʋʋmd 395 wã pʋgẽ, a Synesius yeelame tɩ "Hypatia yaa ned sẽn tar yʋʋr sẽn yɩɩd a taabã, tɩ a yʋʋr wõnd a yaa bõn-makre. Tõnd yãame la d wʋmame tɩ yẽ n so a filosofi wã yel-solemsã". A Synesius ket n tallda a Hypatia tagsg la a zãmsgã sẽn yaa bũmb ning sẽn kell n yɩlẽ tɩ "a paam tɩ b bãng tɩ b pa mi bũmb ye, tɩ b paam tɩ b paam n bas b sũy la b nong-b ye".
Kiris-neb yɛl gʋlsd a Socrate sẽn da yaa Constantinople ned sẽn da yaa a Hypatia wakatẽ wã goma a pagã yelle:
A Alegzandri, pag a ye n da be t'a yʋʋr boond t'a Hypatia, sẽn yaa filozof a Theon bi-pugli. A paama bõn-kãsems wʋsg sɛbã la bãngrã wɛɛngẽ, n yɩɩd a wakatã filozofbã fãa. A sẽn paam n kẽe Platõ ne a Plotin lekollã, a wilga a karen-biisã filosofi wã noy, tɩ b wʋsg wa n yit yɩɩg n na n paam a saglsã. A sẽn da tar yam-sõngã, a ra nong n yaa nin-tɩrsã taoor n na n wa be ne nebã. A ra pa yãnd me n kẽng nin-buiidã tigis-kãnga ye. Bala, a sẽn da tar waoogr la a sõmblem sẽn pa wõnd a taabã yĩnga, nebã fãa ra nong-a lame.
A Philostorgius sẽn yaa kiris-neb yɛl-mit a to wã, sẽn da yaa a Hypatia wakatẽ neda, yeelame t'a ra yaa a ba wã sẽn yaa matematɛk soaba. La a Hesychius sẽn yaa Alexandri gom-biis gʋlsda wilgame t'a wa a ba wã, a ra yaa bãngd a ye sẽn tar minim wʋsgo.A Damascius yeelame tɩ a Hypatia ra yaa "tõnd sẽn yaa nin-sõngo la nin-sõngã", la b pa mi bũmb a to ye, la b pa yãend a sẽn da be zĩig ningã ye. A Damascius yeelame tɩ a Hypatia kell n yɩɩ pʋg-paal wakat fãa la tɩ rao a ye sẽn wa a lekollã pʋgẽ wã sẽn wa n dat n maan-a wã, a ra baood n na n kɩtame t'a raag a sẽn dat n maan bũmb ningã, n wa yɩɩn ne a lyre. [b] A sẽn da pa rat n bas a pʋg-peelmã, a zãgs-a lame, n wilg a rogem sẽn yaa zɩɩmã, la a yeel tɩ "Yaa woto la y nong-a, m bi-bɩɩg, la y pa nong bõn-sõngo ye".Damascius leb n togsame tɩ bi-bɩɩgã paama zu-loees wʋsgo t'a bas a tʋlsmã ne-a tao-tao.[21]
Kũumã
[tekre | teke sidgem]D sẽn paam n bãngẽ
[tekre | teke sidgem]Yʋʋmd 382 - 412, Alexandri bispu yaa a Teofilus.[22]A Teofilus ra kɩɩsda Iambliche Neoplatonismãla a sãama Serapeum wã yʋʋmd 391 wã.[23] Baa ne rẽ, a Teofilus sak n zãaga a Hypatia karen-biiga la a ra getame t'a Hypatia yaa a zoa.[24]A Teofil sõngame tɩ a Hypatia karen-biig a Synesius maan bispo, la a wilg t'a teefillã pʋgẽ, a teefill n gomd a yell ne nonglem la pẽgre. A Teofilus me kõo a Hypatia sor n na n zĩnd ne Rom naaba la politik taoor dãmb a taab sẽn tar yõod wʋsgo.[25] A Teofil sẽn da sak n sak n deeg bũmb ninsã kɩtame tɩ a Hypatia paam a Alexandri nebã wʋsg la a tall pãng politik wʋsg pʋgẽ.
A Teofil sẽn ki wã yɩɩ yʋʋmd 412 wã. A ra zãmsda a sobg a Cyril, la a pa yãk-a t'a lebg a pʋ-pʋɩɩr ye.[26] A Cyrille ne a Tɩmote sẽn da yaa a bɛɛbã ra zabda ne pãng n baood pãn-tõogã. A Cyril tõogame la a sɩnga n sɩbg neb nins sẽn da be be be wã tao-tao. A yika Novatians rãmbã wẽnd-dotã, sẽn deeg a Tɩmote wã, la a yõka b paoongã. A Hypatia karen-biisã sẽn da be be wã wõnda b pa tẽ bispo paalgã ye, la a sẽn gʋls a sɛbã fãa pʋgẽ, a Sinezius gʋlsa lɛtr a ye n kõ a Cyril. Yʋʋmd 413 wã, a Sinezius gʋlsa lɛtr n yeel a Hypatia t'a na n sõng neb a yiib sẽn da namsd Alexandrie zabrã yĩnga. A yeelame tɩ "y tõe n paama pãng wakat fãa, la y tõe n maana neere, n tũnug ne pãng kãng". A tẽegda a pagã me t'a karen-biigã ra zãms-a lame tɩ Neoplatoni filozof segd n talla vɩɩm manesem noy sẽn yaa sõma n yɩɩd politikã pʋgẽ, la a maan a taabã sõngr yĩnga
A Sokrates Scholasticus yeelame tɩ yʋʋmd 414, sẽn wa n wa n wa yɩ sodaag zab-teed la Zuif-rãmbã sẽn wa n kʋ-a wã poore, a Cyril yika Zuif-roog fãa Alegsãndri, n yõk Zʋɩf rãmbã paoongã fãa, la a dig Zʋɩf rãmb wʋsg tẽngã pʋgẽ. A Scholasticuse yeelame tɩ b digda Zʋɩf rãmbã fãa, la t'a Zã sẽn yit Nikiu wã wilgame tɩ yaa neb nins sẽn da kẽes b toog kʋʋngã bal n yiis-ba. A Orestes, sẽn yaa Alexandri wã Rom tẽnga taoor soaba, sẽn da yaa a Hypatia zoa me la sẽn lebg kiris-ned wakat sẽn kaoosã, a sũur sãama ne a Cyril sẽn maan bũmb ningã, n tʋm raptorã ne a sũur fãa.[27] La zabrã paasame, la b wa n wa n wa ne b rãmbg sẽn kɩt tɩ b ra wa n kʋʋ Orestes.[28]A Orestes kɩtame tɩ b nams a Amonius sẽn da sɩng zabrã.A Cyril sẽn da rat n yeel t'a Amonius yaa martirã, la kiris-neb nins sẽn be Alexandrie wã ra kisame, bala b kʋʋ a Amonius sẽn wa n wa n wa kɩt tɩ b maan mogre, la b bao n kʋ goobneerã, la pa a tẽebã yĩng ye.[29]Alexandri kiris-neb sẽn tar pãng n kẽnga taoor n modg a Cyril t'a bas yellã.[30] La a Cyril ne a Orestes ra ket n yaa wẽnem dãmba. A Orestes ra sokda a Hypatia naoor wʋsgo n dat n kõ-a sagls tɩ yaa rẽ yĩng la a ra nongda pagbã la kiris-nebã fãa, a pa kẽes a toog zabrã sasa ye, la a ra tara yʋʋr sẽn ka to wa sagend sẽn tar yam ye.[31]
Baa ne a Hypatia sẽn da yaa neb wʋsg n da nong-a wã, a Cyril ne a tũud-n-taasã ra baooda n na n sãam a yʋʋrã.[32]A Socrate Scholasticus goma gom-biis sẽn be a Hypatia poorẽ t'a gɩdgame t'a Orestes pa zemsd ne a Cyril ye. A Zezi sẽn da wa n yaa kiris-neb a taabã sʋka, b ra gomda a Zezi sẽn yaa Kirist tẽedba yelle. A Zezi sẽn wa n yaa Kirist tẽedbã sʋka, b tõe n yãa a Zezi sẽn da yaa Ezipt kiris-neb bĩispo a Zã sẽn yaa a Nikiû wã sẽn gʋls yʋʋm kob-gĩnd a yopoe soabã pʋgẽ. A wilgame tɩ a Hypatia maana a Sʋɩtãan tʋʋm la a ra zãada a meng ne a tẽedbã n gɩdg a Orestes pãn-tusdg ye.[33]
La wakat kãnga, bãngd a ye n zĩnd Alegsãndri, a yʋʋr sẽn boond t'a Hipaati. A ra nonga zak la bõn-naandsã la yɩɩl tʋʋmde, la a ra belgda neb wʋsg ne a Sʋɩtãan sɩlemde. Tẽnga naaba waoog-a-la wʋsgo, a sẽn da belg a Zozɛf ne a tãb-soabrã yĩnga. A ra pa le kẽngda wẽnd-doogẽ wã wa a sẽn da nong n maandã ye. A pa maan woto bal ye, a kɩtame tɩ tẽedba wʋsg wa yẽ nengẽ, la a meng reegda neb nins sẽn pa tẽedã a yiri.
B kʋʋ-a lame
[tekre | teke sidgem]A Socrate Scholasticus yeelame tɩ yʋʋmd 415 tʋʋlg kiuugã pʋgẽ, kiris-neb wʋsg sẽn da be a Pɩyɛɛr taoor tɩ b na n zãms b karen-biisã ra kẽnda a Hypatia karẽn-biisẽ wã.[34]B kẽnga ne a pagã roog sẽn boond tɩ Kaisariõ, sẽn da yaa pagã wẽnd-doog la Rom rĩmã tũudum siglgã sẽn da be Alegsãndri wã sẽn da lebg kiris-ned wẽnd-doogã pʋgẽ. Be, b sẽn da yiis a Hypatia wã, b kʋ-a lame, la b tũnug ne ostraka, sẽn tõe n yɩ "roog tigs", "tõnd-tõnd kogl", bɩ "tõnda".[35]A Damascius paasame tɩ b me talla a nifã tãnsã.B tõoga a kũumã n kʋɩ, n tõog a naoã n kẽng tẽngẽ wã n tɩ tɩ tɩ zĩnd zĩig sẽn boond tɩ Cinarion, n yõog-b bugum. [36] A Watts yeelame tɩ yaa wa b sẽn da maand to-to wã n kɩt tɩ b gãneg "bĩng-n-taas nins sẽn yaa nin-wẽnsã" tẽngã pʋgẽ. B sẽn maan woto wã ra yaa mak-sõng n kɩt tɩ tẽngã yɩ sõama.Baa ne a Socrate Scholasticus sẽn pa wilg tɩ a Hypatia kʋɩtbã yaa a Zezi balã, b tagsdame tɩ b yaa parabalani wã neb ye. A Christopher Haas kɩɩsda ned ning sẽn kʋ-a wã, n yetẽ tɩ yaa "Aleksandri nebã kʋʋng n da be".[37]
A Socrate Scholasticus wilga a Hypatia kʋrã wã sẽn yaa politikã sẽn kɩt tɩ b maan bũmb ning fãa, la a pa gomd a Hypatia pagansã sẽn tõe n maan a kũumã yell ye.[38]A yeelame tɩ "a ra yaa politik sũ-kiirã sẽn da be wakat kãnga wã n kɩt t'a lebg nin-buiida. Bala, a ra sõsda ne a Orestes naoor wʋsgo, la b ra yetame tɩ yaa yẽ n gɩdg t'a Orestes pa le wa paam zems-n-taar ne a Evɛk". A Sokrates Scholasticus ningda neb kʋʋngã tʋʋm-kãsemsã ne vẽenega, n yeel tɩ "Pa bũmb n tõe n yɩ kiris-neb tẽebã poorẽ n yɩɩd a sẽn na n sak tɩ b maan kʋʋb, zab la tʋʋm-kãens ye".[39]
Kanada matematɛk soab a Ari Belenkiy yeelame tɩ tõe tɩ a Hypatia ra kẽeda zabgẽ kiris-neb kibsã sẽn yaa Pak yʋʋmd 417 wã daar wɛɛngẽ, la tɩ b kʋ-a-la yʋʋm-vẽk kiuugã sẽn wa n yaa wakato, a sẽn da maand bãngd-rãmbã. Kɛlg karen-biis a Alan Cameron ne a Edward J. Watts fãa pa sak n deeg tɩ gom-kãensã yaa sɩda. B wilgame tɩ pĩnd wẽndẽ sɛb pʋsẽ, b pa tõe n wilg tɩ gom-biis nins sẽn be be Biiblã pʋgẽ wã yaa sɩda.
Sẽn paam-b lame
[tekre | teke sidgem]A Hypatia kũumã kɩtame tɩ b wa n wa n zabd soolmã fãa. Yʋʋm kobs-gĩnd pʋsẽ, b ra getame tɩ b pa tõe n sɩɩs filozofbã ye. Baa ne kaset sẽn pa tar kaset sẽn wilgd tɩ a Cyril yaa a Hypatia kʋɩlgã, b pa yã ye. B ra tẽedame tɩ yaa yẽ n kõ noor tɩ b kʋ-a ye. Baa a Cyril sẽn pa kɩt tɩ b kʋ-a wã, a sẽn maan zab-wẽng ne a Hypatia wã kɩtame tɩ b maan woto. A Cyril sẽn maan woto wã kɩtame tɩ b sẽn da be Alexandri wã, b yɛɛsame, n tʋm tẽn-boogã n tɩ kẽng Constantinople.A Teodosi II saglsdb sɩngame n na n bãng a Cyril sẽn maan bũmb ning kʋrã pʋgẽ wã.[40]
B sẽn maan woto wã kɩtame tɩ rĩm-dãmb a Honorius ne a Theodosius II yiis noor yʋʋmd 416 tʋʋlg wakate, sẽn na yɩl n yiis a Cyril naamã pʋgẽ wã, la b kɩt tɩ b lʋɩ Orestes naamã pʋgẽ.[41][B sẽn yiis noorã kɩtame tɩ b pa tõe n kẽng "vẽng a to fãa" bɩ b pa tõe "tõnd tẽnga taoor lʋɩtb sull bɩ bʋ-kaoodb roogẽ ye". B leb n kɩtame tɩ b yãk neb sẽn na n wa tʋmã tɩ b pa yɩɩd koabg nu ye.A Damasus yeelame tɩ a Cyril sẽn tõog n põs a Teodose nin-buiidã n na n maan bũmb ning sẽn pa noom-a wã, yaa a sẽn na n zãag a Teodosi wã nin-buiidã.A Watts yeelame tɩ a Hypatia kʋrã yɩɩ bũmb ning sẽn kɩt tɩ a Cyril maood n tõog n tõog n dɩ Alexandrie wã.A Hypatia ra yaa a Orestes sẽn da zabd ne a Cyrilã n kɩt tɩ b pa tõog ye. La a sã n pa be ne-a, a kɩɩsgã sãama tao-tao.Yʋʋm a yiib poore, a Cyril basa noor ning sẽn kɩt tɩ b get a Orestes tɩ b tõog n get a parabalã wã, la yʋʋmd 420 wã sɩngrẽ, a Cyrille lebga Alexandri tãn-kẽnga taoor soaba.[42]
Tʋʋmã
[tekre | teke sidgem]A Hypatia yaa ned sẽn yaa nin-vɩɩs sẽn yaa ninsa fãa, la yaa karen-saamb la gom-biis n yɩɩd sẽn yaa sɩlemdã. B pa yãend tɩ a Hypatia yiisda tʋʋm sẽn pa tar b toor ye, filozof wɛɛngẽ[43] la b pa yãend t'a maana matematɛk bãngrã ye.A Hypatia wakatẽ, bãngdb ra ket n tallda b sẽn da maand matematɛkã la b gomda b sẽn na n tõog n bãng b sẽn maand to-to wã zugu, n pa yiisd b sẽn da maan to-to ye.[44] B wilgame me tɩ Mouseionã sẽn sulã la Serapeum wã sẽn sãamã tõe n kɩtame tɩ a Hypatia ne a ba wã lʋɩɩs b pãng n kogl matematɛk sebrã la b kɩt tɩ b karen-biisã paam n karem-a. La a Suda wã yeelame tɩ a Hypatia gʋls-b fãa menemame, la b pa yã ye. Yaa woto la b maand tɩ b bãngd b sẽn maand bũmb ninsã.[45] A Hypatia gʋlsa ne Gɛrk, sẽn da yaa gom-biig ning sẽn da gomd neb nins sẽn paam zãmsgo sẽn da be Mediterane soolmã pʋga.[46]Sẽn sɩng ne pĩnd wẽndẽ, b ra getame tɩ bãngrã yaa matematɛk bala.Sẽn paase, b pa bãngd matematɛk ne sõor bãngrã, wall bãngrã la bãngrã ye.
Sebtiisi
[tekre | teke sidgem]- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacTutor_History_of_Mathematics_Archive
- ↑ https://msp.org/memocs/2017/5-1/p02.xhtml
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press
- ↑ https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Pandrosion/
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#CITEREFDeakin2012
- ↑ https://books.google.com.gh/books?id=0j94OFipg2MC&redir_esc=y
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#CITEREFDeakin1994
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#CITEREFTheodore2016
- ↑ Hypatia (in English). 2025-07-27.
- ↑ Hypatia (in English). 2025-07-27.
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#CITEREFTheodore2016
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#CITEREFWatts2008
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#CITEREFDeakin2007
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#CITEREFCameron2016
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#CITEREFDzielska1996
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#CITEREFPenella1984
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#CITEREFCastner2010
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#CITEREFDeakin2007
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#CITEREFCastner2010
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#CITEREFWatts2008
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#CITEREFWatts2017
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#CITEREFDzielska1996
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#CITEREFDzielska2008
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#CITEREFDzielska2008
- ↑ https://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/handle/1808/6501
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#CITEREFWessel2004
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#CITEREFHaas1997
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#CITEREFWatts2008
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#CITEREFNovak2010
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#CITEREFHaas1997
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#CITEREFWatts2017
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#CITEREFHaas1997
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#CITEREFCameron2016
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#CITEREFDzielska1996
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#CITEREFCastner2010
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#CITEREFDeakin2007
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#CITEREFCastner2010
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#CITEREFBradley2006
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#CITEREFWaithe1987
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#CITEREFEngels2009
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#CITEREFEngels2009
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#CITEREFDzielska1996
- ↑ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia#CITEREFCameronLongSherry1993