Balafon

type of musical instrument
Subclass of	mallet percussion instrument, sets of percussion sticks, xylophone
Country	Malì, Burkina Faso, Ivory Coast
Intangible cultural heritage status	Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity
Hornbostel-Sachs classification	111.212

Balafon yaa

xylophone sẽn tar karɩt sẽn yaa wa karɩt, sẽn yaa idiophone sẽn yaa wa kʋɩt-n-tɩrga.^[1]A yaa sẽn be Afirik Wɛtgã Mandé, Senoufo la Gur buud-goamã sʋka,la sẽn yɩɩd fãa, ^[2]a yaa Mandinka buud-gomdã sẽn be Guinée wã,la a yaa Afirik Wɛtt-Gõonegẽ wã fãa pʋgẽ, ^[3]Gʋni n ta Mali.^[4]A yʋʋr sẽn yaa balafon wã yaa Erop ned sẽn boond a Mandinka yʋʋr sẽn yaa ⁇ balane gom-biig ning sẽn yaa ?? fôn 'n gom'^[5] bɩ Gɛrk gom-bil sẽn yaa phono.

Kibãya

B tẽedame tɩ b ra zãmsa b mens ne Afrika-rʋʋnd ne Amerika-rʋʋng instrument ning b sẽn boond tɩ marimba wã, balafonã sẽn yaa bũmb ning b sẽn da gomd n togsã sɩngda Mali soolmã rogem yʋʋmd 1200 soabã pʋgẽ. Balafon yaa Manding yʋʋr la a yaa a sẽn boond tɩ Balafon, la a yaa toor-toorã Afrika Wɛtga, n dat n yeel tɩ balangi wã yaa Sierra Leone wã la a yaa Dagara, Lobi la Gurunsi buud sẽn yit Gana, Burkina Faso la Ivory Coast wã. B yɩɩla woto me Afirik sẽn be zĩ-zĩnga, la pĩnd wẽndẽ Kongo soolmã ra boond-a lame t'a palaku.

Balafonã sẽn be Biiblã pʋgẽ wã sɩngda yʋʋmd 1200 soabã. Yʋʋmd 1352 soabã pʋgẽ, Moroc n da be n maand zãmb n boond t'a Ibn Battuta, n wilg tɩ Mali naab a Mansa Suleyman taoorã ra beẽ ne ngoni la balafon.

Europɩɩs sẽn da wa n wa Afrɩka Wɛtgã pʋgẽ wã goma balafoon-rãmbã sẽn da yaa b sẽn da boond tɩ "balapons" yʋʋm kob-gĩnd 17 soabã yelle. A Atlantik sobg raabã kɩtame tɩ b tall b tãnsãb n wa Amerikã. A Virginia Gazette wã wilgame tɩ yʋʋmd 1776 wã, Afro-Amerik rãmb ra yɩɩda balafo. A Zezi sẽn da gomd bũmb ning b sẽn maand yʋʋmd 1800 wã sʋka, b pa le gomd bũmb ning sẽn be Etazĩni wã yell ye.^[6]

Etymology

Malinka kʋlsẽ wã pʋgẽ, balafon yaa gom-biis a yiib gom-bi-kãsemse: balan yaa instrument yʋʋr la fô yaa yʋy sẽn dat n yɩɩl. Balafon yaa bala wã sẽn yaa bũmb ning sẽn kɩt tɩ b maand yɩɩlã.

Bala yaa balfon sẽn yaa gãnemd sẽn boond tɩ balafonã sẽn be Kolokani la Bobo Dioulasso soolmẽ wã. Bala-kãens tara sor-kãsemse, la b tara gãn-kãsems sẽn na yɩl n paas b pãngã. Balani yaa balon sẽn tar pãng n tar tãnsãs la a sẽn tar kʋɩlen-kẽeng sẽn yaa sẽk n tãnsã. Bãrã tara bãnd n zãad ne bãnd n tar kʋɩlen-kãsems 21, la bãndã sõor sã n yaa ne tẽng toɛy-toɛyã, a sã n yaa sõma bɩ a sã n pa sõma.

Tõnd sẽn na n maan bũmb ninsã

Balafon tõe n yaa gãn-kãnga (b sã n da gãneg gãn-kɛnga, tɩ b gãneg-a ne gãn-kẽnga) bɩ gãn-kaaba (b sãn gãn-kakd n gãneg-b ne b toor-toore). Balafonã tara kibay 17-21 sẽn zems ne tetratonik, pentatonik bɩ heptatonik, sẽn yaa tɩrs ne miisã buud-goamã.

Balafonã tõe n tall nota 18 bɩ 21, baa ne a kẽer sẽn naan tɩ b tall nota a wãn n yiis a to wã (16, 12, 8 wall 6 la 7). Balafon-n-bõonegã yaa b sẽn da naan ne kosso roog n kõ-b tɩ b kõ-b-la sũ-bʋgsem n tɩg bugum sẽn ka tar pãnga, n yaool n yãk-b tɩb sẽn yit bõonegẽ wã. B yiisda tɩɩs n yiis zĩ-sʋkã n na n kɩt tɩ b gãd-a tɩ yɩ wa b sẽn datã, wall b yiisd-a-la n na n maneg n maneg n gãd- a lame.

B sã n da tar balfon sẽn tar gãag sẽn pa tõe n kʋɩ, b gãda gãagã ne gãag sẽn yaa ne yĩn-kãnga, tɩ b gãag-a ne tãnsã sẽn yaa gãag-kãnga. B sẽn da naan n naan n naan b bug-tẽngã, b ra maanda b sẽn da yaa wa b sẽn da maand n naan n maand b bug-tog-tog-n-taagã.

Tẽnsã sẽn yaa to-to

Wala sẽn yaa to-to tɩ balafonã buud toor-toorã yaa toor-toore Afirik Wɛtgã, instrumentã mengã manesem me yaa woto. Tẽns wʋsg pʋsẽ, b yɩɩla balafonã b yembr tɩ b maan-a wa b sẽn maandã, tɩ sãnda me b yɩɩla a yembr tɩ b naag taab n yɩɩl. Gʋniini la Mali, balafonã yaa neb a tãabo sẽn yaa neb a taab sẽn tar pãng n maand yɩɩl sẽn yaa kãsenga, sẽn yaa kãenkãe la sẽn yaa kãensa. Kameroõ, b tigma tãens a yoob sẽn yaa to-to wã n tʋmd ne taab orkestɛɛr pʋgẽ. B sẽn da maand b sẽn datã, b ra yaa b sẽn da maand n na n maan b sẽn tõe fãa. La b sã n get tɩ b tʋgd b taab ne b tʋb a yiib n wẽg b tʋb-rãmbã, b sã n dat n yeel tɩ b tʋbda taab ne b kʋɩlen-rãmb a yiib bɩ a yiib n yɩɩd, b getame tɩ b tʋbd-rãmb yaa b toorẽ.

Gʋniini nebã sẽn yaa Susu la Malinké wã yaa balafon-dãmb la b sẽn boond tɩ Manding buud-goam a taabã sẽn yaa Mali, Senegal la Gambi wã. Kameroon, Tchad, la baa Kongo soolmã tẽnsã me tara balafon buud toor-toor sẽn kaoosd.

Naoor wʋsgo, balafon-dãmb paka b nusẽ-rãmb n paasd b sẽn dat n maan to-to wã.

Tẽns kẽer pʋsẽ, balafon ra yaa instrument sẽn yaa sõma, tɩ ned sã n wa maan a sẽn tõe n maan bũmb ningã, yaa a Zeova Kaset rãmbã bal n tõe n maan-a. Be, b b bẽd-a lame wẽnd-doogẽ wã, la b tõe n yiis-a lame n yaool n yɩɩl-a lame, b sã n wa paam n yɩlme. B tõe n maana tʋʋm-teed kẽer n na n yɩɩl b sẽn dat n maan ne b sẽn datã. B pa zãms kom-bɩɩsã ne tʋʋm-sõamyã ye, la b zãmsda-b lame ne b sẽn tõe n dɩk n dɩk n kõ-ba.

Gyil

Kɩt-n-taag (Ingl. /ˈdʒɪlə/ bɩ /ˈdˈʒiːl/) yaa gom-bi-tʋʋmd sẽn yaa wa a sẽn gomd Gɛr buud-gomdã sẽn be Gana rɩtgẽ, Burkina Faso, Mali sẽn be zĩ-gõonegẽ wã, la Afirik Wɛtgẽ wã, Ivory Coast sẽn be rɩtg-n-zĩngẽ wã. Gãna Mande neb sẽn boond tɩ Ligbi (Numu), Bissa la Dyula sʋka, b boondame tɩ bala. Kʋt-n-taag yaa Dagara nebã sẽn be Ganaa rɩtg ne Burkina Faso, la Ganaa Lobi wã, Burkina Faso rɩtg la Ivory Coast wã pipi tʋʋm-teed sẽn yaa noore. B wae n yɩɩnda a killing ne a yiib-n-soaba, n paas a bu-rɩt sẽn boond t'a kuor. B tõe n yɩɩnda ned a ye ne b tãmbã la b tãmb-n-taarã, wall b solistã. Gyil duets yaa Dagara yikãadem kibay. B sẽn yaa kom-bɩɩsã, yaa rao-rãmba n zãmsd yɩɩl-kãnga, la b pa tar sor n tõe n yãk b sẽn yaa b zo-rãmbã ye. Yaa wotoGurunsi neb sẽn be Ghanã sẽn be Upper East soolmẽ wã, la Gurunsi nebã sẽn be Burkĩna Faso zĩ-gõongã sẽn be Burkinaa soolmã sẽn be zĩ-zãnga wã me n yɩɩdã. Dẽnsa sẽn be ne kʋʋdã yaa Bewaa wã.

A gyilã sẽn naanã yaa wa balaba bɩ balafon sẽn be Mande-bõon-bõone, Dyula la Sosso neb sẽn be Mali zĩm-dʋʋgẽ wã la Burkĩna Faso rɩtgẽ wã, la Senoufo neb sẽn be Sikasso, sẽn yaa tẽng sẽn tar mizikã minim wʋsg ne sẽn be Ivory Coast tʋʋr-n-soogã la Gana wã. A yaa b sẽn maan ne fʋʋg a 14 sẽn yaa Afirik tɩɩg sẽn boond tɩ liga, n tɩg n tɩg a zug n tɩg-a ne fʋʋgã. [1] A sẽn yaa wa a sẽn da yaa wa a Zezi sẽn yeelã, a yeelame tɩ "bãng-y tɩ b na n maana bõn-kãsems ne b b zĩiga". B yɩɩla ne tɩɩg gãnd sẽn tar gom-biis n kõ-a.

Cameroon

Yʋʋm 1950 wã pʋgẽ, b ra tara bar-rãmb Kamerun tẽnga pʋga, n na n sõng-b tɩ b paam n paam n paam neb wʋsg n wa be be. La ka la bilfu, b lebga Kamerun nebã sẽn da yaa nin-buiidã yʋy wakat ning b sẽn da wa n be n zabd ne-b tɩ pa zems ne soolmã ye. Balafon orkestras sẽn tar balafon-rãmb a 3-5 la b b sẽn boond tɩ percussion instrumentã lebga b sẽn da nong n moond bar-rãmbã pʋsẽ wã. Bãngr-gomdã kẽer wa n yɩɩ neb wʋsg ne b taabã, wala a Richard Band de Zoetele.

Yʋʋm kob-gĩnd 20 soabã pʋga, b ra mii buud-goam sẽn boond tɩ bikutsi. Bikutsi wã yaa zabr yɩɩl sẽn naag ne tãnsã, bobla la balafon buud toor-toore. Pagb n yɩɩnd bikutsi wã, tɩ b gomd bũmb nins sẽn wilgd tɩ b pa segd n maan yoobã yelle. Sẽn yaa b sẽn da nong n dat n bãng b sẽn tõe n maan to-to wã, bikutsi wã paama pãng yʋʋmd 1950 wã. Tõe tɩ a Anne-Marie Nzie yaa pĩnd naandbã sʋka sẽn da yaa kãseng n yɩɩdã. B sẽn wa n na n yɩɩl bikutsi wã yaa a Messi Me Nkonda Martin ne a Los Camaroes sẽn paas elektrik gitars la bõn-paals a taaba.

Balafon orkestre wã ra yaa nin-buiidã sẽn da nong a Yaoundé bar wã yʋʋm 50 wã pʋgẽ, la nebã ra baoodame tɩ b yɩ nin-buiidã nin-buiidã. A Messi Martin yaa Kamerõ wã ned sẽn da boond tɩ guitaristã. A ra kelgdame n kelgd Gʋniini sẽn be Ekwatori wã sẽn be a to wã ne Spaans buud-gomdã, la a kelgdame me ne Kuba la Zaire rumba. A Messi toeemame n paas a gita wã, n paas a kasetã ne seb-papr sẽn yaa a toore.

Guinée

Balafon, kora (lute-harp) la ngoni (banjo wã yaab) yaa instrument a tãabã sẽn yaa taab ne Afirik Wɛtgã griot bardi wã. B fãa yaa taab sẽn be zĩig ning fãa, b sẽn be zĩig ningã, la b sẽn maand to-to wã, baa b fãa sẽn be zĩig ninga fãa wã. Gʋniini wã yɩɩ solo balafonã tẽn-kãseng sẽn tar yõod wʋsg rũndã-rũndã. Sẽn mik tɩ griot buud-gomdã yaa buud sẽn yaa to-to wã, b boondame tɩ Kouyaté zakã rãmb tɩ balafonã gũudba, la yʋʋm kob-gĩnd a 20 soabã pʋgẽ, b sõnga tɩ b wilg-a dũniyã gill zugu.

A Sosso Bala

A Fr:Sosso Bala yaa balafon, sẽn be Niagassola tẽnga, Gini wã pʋgẽ, la b yetame tɩ yaa balafon ning sẽn zĩnd yʋʋm 800 sẽn looge.

Sundiata zab-gʋlsdã, sẽn gomd Mali soolmã siglgã siglgã siglg yelle, wilgda tɩ b sẽn wa n kẽed a Sumanguru roogã n wa yɩɩl kibsã poore, a Bala Faséké Kouyaté sẽn boond t'a yaa griotã n tõog n kɩt tɩ a Sossõ rĩmã Sumanguru Kante tʋm-a. A Sundiata Keita, sẽn lugl Mali soolmã, kɩtame tɩ Sumanguru lʋɩ, n deeg balafonã, la a kɩt tɩ griotã Faséké yɩ a gũuda. B yeelame tɩ b paam-a-la waoogre, a Kouyatés rãmbã nengẽ, la tɩ b tõog n zãad balafonã hal tɩ ta rũndã-rũndã.^[7]Baa ne kibar kãngã sẽn yaa sɩda, Sosso Bala yaa tʋʋm-teed sẽn tar yʋʋm wʋsgo, la UNESCO yãka a soab n naan yɩ nin-yend nin-yenda sẽn yaa ninsaalb sẽn tar pʋɩɩr ne b sẽn pa tõe n yã wã pʋgẽ yʋʋmd 2001 wã.^[8]

sénégal

Senegali wã rĩn-gʋlsdã yʋʋr boondame tɩ "Pincez Tous vos Koras, Frappez les Balafons".

Mali

Yaa kibs sẽn yaa rũndã-rũndã balopõ wã, Triangle du balafon, sẽn maand yʋʋmd fãa Sikasso, Mali soolmẽ wã.^[9]

Neb nins sẽn yaa neb sẽn mi n yɩɩdã la b tigimsã

Neb nins sẽn boond tɩ balafon-dãmb n tar yʋʋr n be wã yaa:

Madou Kone, Balafon Master from Burkina Faso, living in Vienna, Austria
Richard Bona, Cameroonian jazz musician
Abdou Karim Diabate "Tunkaraba" King of Balafon, from the village of Tabatto, Guinea-Bissau
Djiby Diabaté
Kélétigui Diabaté, playing for Habib Koité's Bamada group
Mamadou Diabate, Knight of the National Order of Burkina Faso (2016), Winner of the "Grand Prix" & "Prix de la Virtuosite de Festival Triangle du Balafon" in Mali (2012), Winner of the Austrian World Music Award (2011)
Lassana Diabaté, Malian musician known for work with Toumani Diabaté's Symmetric Orchestra and Afrocubism
Modibo Diabaté, from Mali
Zerika Djabate, Bissau-Guinean musician
Djiguiya, percussion band from Burkina Faso
Danny Elfman of Oingo Boingo
Les Freres Coulibaly, Burkina-based balafon ensemble
Stefon Harris, American jazz musician
Dominic Howard of Muse used a balafon on the band's second album, Origin of Symmetry
Mory Kanté, early in his career
Aly Keita, Aly Keita and the Magic Balaphone, Malian balafon player
Gertrude Kilian, DVD "The Balafon with Aly Keita & Gert Kilian", "Balafon Beat" / Verlag Zimmermann
Lawrence Killian, American jazz musician
Mahama Konaté of John Cena, Burkina-based balafon ensemble
Balla Kouyate, from Mali/Guinea, whose father, Sekou "Filani" Kouyaté, is the current guardian of the Sosso Bala
Mamadi Kouyate, from Mali/Guinea, (Germany since 2015), whose grandfather Sékou "Filani" Kouyaté, is the current guardian of the Sosso Bala
El Hadj Djeli Sory Kouyaté
N'Faly Kouyate of the Afro Celt Sound System
Adam Malik, Burkina-based balafon ensemble
Dave Mann, jazz percussionist, played with the Dave Brubeck Group
Neba Solo (Senufo balafon group, led by Souleymane Traoré) from Sikasso
Mama Ohandja, Cameroonian composer and performer to his country
Qasim, Burkina-based balafon ensemble
Pharoah Sanders, American jazz musician
Saramaya, Burkina-based balafon ensemble
Raheel Sharif, British band leader originally from Senegal
Bill Summers, American jazz musician, performing with Quincy Jones, Herbie Hancock, and Los Hombres Calientes
Lonnie Liston Smith, American jazz musician
Rokia Traoré, Malian singer, guitarist, and band leader
Le Troupe Saaba, Burkina-based balafon ensemble
Momo Werner Wevers, German balafon player, plays solo and with the "Ensemble M.Pahiya" (balafon and classical guitar)
N'Camara Abou Sylla (Guinea; Les Ballets Africains)

Ges-y me

Balafon was the name of the in-flight magazine of Air Afrique
Music of Guinea
Music of Mali
Marimba, covers the modern instrument which developed independently in both South America and southern Africa.

Sebtiisi

Sẽn paase

A Lynne Jessup. Mandinka Balafonã: Sɩngr sẽn naag ne sebr sẽn na yɩl n zãms nebã. Xylo Publications, (1983) ISBN 0-916421-01-5 .
A Eric Charry. Mande mizikã: Maninka la Mandinka buud sẽn be Afrika nin-taoorẽ wã minim la b minimd mizikã. A ra zãmsda buud-gomd la yɩɩl-yɩɩllã wɛɛngẽ. University of Chicago Press (2000). ISBN 0-226-10161-4 .
Adrian Egger, Moussa Hema: Die Stimme Des Balafon - La Voix Du Balafon. Schell Music, ISBN 978-3-940474-09-4.
Gert Kilian "Balafon Beat", Verlag Zimmermann, Alemayn
Gert Kilian " Balafon ne Aly Keita & Gert Kilian ", édition " improductions " / Paris
"Das magische Balafon" Mamadi Kouyaté, Ursula Branscheid-Kouyaté / Alemayn / LEU-Verlag, Neusaess DVD

Zems-n-taase

Cora Connection: Balaphone yaa bõe?
Balafon fot-rãmb n be be, n wilgd b sẽn maan to-to n na n me-a wã.
A Mofu-Gudur Balafonã sẽn yɩ to-to wã Sõsg sẽn tar fot-rãmb la kɩbay sẽn wilgd balafonã sẽn yɩ to-to Kamerun rɩtgã.
http://www.djembe-kora.de/trommelbau.html video sẽn wilgd b sẽn maand balafõ wã Niagassola

[1] ttps://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56159-263-0

[2] ttps://books.google.com/books?id=qsDOBwAAQBAJ&q=balafon&pg=PA6

[3] ttps://books.google.com/books?id=8F5r27VBBm0C&q=balafon&pg=PA425

[4] ttp://kanjamadi.com/dalukende19.pdf

[5] ttps://web.archive.org/web/20170630154430/http://www.virtualmuseum.ca/edu/ViewLoitDa.do?method=preview&lang=EN&id=8884

[6] ttps://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources

[7] ttps://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/cultural-space-of-sosso-bala 00009

[8] ttps://web.archive.org/web/20160303193819/http://www.jumbierecords.com/about/sossobala.html

[9] ttps://web.archive.org/web/20120304145020/http://www.maliculture.net/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=122&Itemid=1

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