Bokator

tradition
Subclass of	martial art
Country of origin	Cambodia
Intangible cultural heritage status	Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity
Described at URL	https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/kun-lbokator-traditional-martial-arts-in-cambodia-01868, https://ich.unesco.org/fr/RL/le-kun-lbokator-un-art-martial-traditionnel-au-cambodge-01868, https://ich.unesco.org/es/RL/el-kun-lbokator-un-arte-marcial-tradicional-en-camboya-01868

Bokator (Khmer: ល្បុក្កតោ) yaa pĩnd wẽndẽ Kambodja zab-teed sẽn be zabr zĩigẽ, sẽn da be pĩnd wẽndẽ Khmer sodaasã pʋgẽ. Yaa zabrã sẽn yaa kʋdemdã sʋka.B sẽn gom ne noorã wilgdame tɩ bokator (sẽn yaa a buud pipi) ra yaa zab-teed sẽn da be zĩig sẽn zãad ne Kambodja sodaasã sẽn deng Angkor siglgã. Yaa yĩn-bãngre tɩ bokator yaa Khmer/Kambodɩ wã zab-teedã fãa, la yaa a yembr bal la a makd ye.^[1]

D sẽn tõe n bãng bũmb ning sẽn yaa sõma

B sẽn boond tɩ Bokatorã yaa zab sẽn be ne nug n zab ne nug ne zab sẽn be n zab ne zabã. Bokator tũnugda ne b sẽn maand ne b sẽn pa tõe n maan bũmb ninsã. B sẽn da tũnugd ne bãnã n zab ne bãn-kãnga, b ra yaa bãn-kẽengã, b ra tara sʋʋg la b ra tara lotus-kẽem (bãn-kãensa sẽn tar a samã) n zab ne bug-tẽngã. ^[2]

B sẽn zabd ne nebã, b ket n kengda pĩnd wẽndẽ Khmer sodaasã futu. B sẽn boond tɩ sangvar daarã, b sẽbda b zabdbã zut ne b bi-beesã. Sẽn deng pĩnd wẽndẽ, b ra tẽedame tɩ b sã n da tar b toogã, b na n kɩtame tɩ b paam pãng n paase. La rũndã-rũndã, b yaa tʋʋm-no-kãsemse.

Yaa b sẽn naanã pʋgẽ, b maana tʋʋm wʋsg n bãng b vɩɩmã. Wala makre, bõn-naandb, rũms, karb, wed-dãmba, bõn-buudb la bõn-buuda buud toor-toor la b fãa tar minim toor-toore.Sẽn pa wõnd a taabã, Kambodja yaa Hind buud sẽn tar pĩnd wẽndẽ. Sẽn paasd rũmsã buud toor-toor, bokatorã tara sɩlem sẽn yaa sigr a taab sẽn yaa Hindus wẽn-sakdb wala hanuman la apsara.

A San Kim Sean sẽn na n zãms bokatorã, a yãka karma siglgã sẽn wõnd bãnd siglgã sẽn na n sõng-a t'a tõog n wilg a zãmsã sẽn yaa sõma wã. B sẽn yãe koomã wilgdame tɩ b mi n yaa sodaas sẽn tar minim to-to. Pipi digl-bilã yaa pemse, tɩ b pʋgd-a ne yaasgo, ne waasgo, la waasgo. ^[3]B sã n wa paam b minimã, b na n yeelga b kamb ne kam-bi-no-rãmba yʋʋm piig n paase. Sẽn na yɩl n paam sãnem krama, ned segd n yɩɩ sɩd soaba, la a segd n maana bũmb sẽn yaa sõma bokator yĩnga. Yaa sɩd tɩ yaa tʋʋm sẽn baood sẽk wʋsgo, la tõe n baooda vɩɩm fãa: tʋʋm-no-kãnga pʋgẽ bala, b sẽn pa tar b mens n zab ne zabã, b tõe n maana tʋʋm-nood n tar b toor-toorã n be sʋka, n ta 8000 la 10000 wã, la yaa tʋʋm-noy 1000 bal la b segd n zãms n tõog n tõog n paam b sẽn yaa zũnd.^[4]

A kūudumdé

B ra miime tɩ bokator yaa buud-goam nins sẽn yaa pĩnd n be Kambodža soolmẽ wã.^[5]Bokator wã beẽ ne Khmer gom-biis pipi wã sẽn zĩnd yʋʋmd 1938 wã pʋgẽ, sẽn yaa Buddist karen-saamb a Chuon Nath nengẽ. B sẽn yeel tɩ "bok-ah-tau" wã yita labokatao sẽn dat n yeel tɩ "kẽem n pãb gɩgemde". Woto gomda bũmb sẽn maan yʋʋm 2000 sẽn looge. Bãngr-gomdã wilgdame tɩ gɩgem n da zabd tẽn-tẽnga, tɩ sodaag sẽn da tar sʋʋg bal n zabd rũnda ne a nugã, n kʋ-ane kolg a ye. Baa ne gɩgemdã sẽn tar yõod Indochine wã, yaa rũndã-rũndã la rũndã-rũndã sɛb pʋsẽ la b get-a tɩ ka be Azi gɩgemdã pʋgẽ ye. Sẽn yɩɩd fãa, Azi-Dĩin-Wõngo wã, b sẽn boond tɩ tigre wã yaa Indosini wã la tigre wã. Angkor tẽn-kãsemsã fãa gʋlsa Sanskrit pʋgẽ, la b waoogda Hindã wẽn-sakdb, sẽn yɩɩd fãa a Vishnu ne a Shiva. Baa rũndã-rũndã, bokatorã karen-biisã sɩngda b zãmsg fãa ne b waoogre.

Cambodia tara pĩnd wẽndẽ zab-teedã sẽn yaa kãsenga n paam n põs dũniyã gill zugu. Angkor Wat, sẽn yaa dũni gill wẽnd-doogã sẽn yaa kãseng n yɩɩd, tara gãn-kɛgese, sẽn wilgd zab-teed la zab sẽn sɩng ne wẽnd-doogẽ wã sẽn sɩng yʋʋmd 900 sẽn looge. Rao ning sẽn da lugl Angkor Watã yaa rĩm a Suryavarman II sẽn da yaa sodaasã. Yʋʋmd 1113 wã, a Suryavarman II tõog n tõog a bɛɛbã, la a lebg a meng Khmer soolmã naab a ye. A Suryavarman II sẽn be a Angkor Wat wẽnd-doogẽ wã, b yãenda a sodaasã sẽn get a soolmã sodaasã yelle. Bãngdb a taab sẽn be pĩnd wẽndẽ wala Bayon la Banteay Chhmar me wilgda zab-teedã sẽn yaa b sẽn maandã. Bayonã yaa wẽnd-doog sẽn da be rĩm a Jayavarman a VII noorẽ. B sẽn maan b sẽn tõe n maan bũmb ninsã wilgda a Jayavarman VII sẽn tõog zabrã. B sẽn maan b sẽn tõe n paam n paam n bãng b sẽn tõe ne bũmb ning sẽn be b sẽn maandã, b maana b sẽn tõe fãa n bãng b sã n tõe n maan bũmb ning sẽn yaa sõma. B sẽn yã bũmb ning b sẽn maandã wilgdame tɩ rao a yiib n zabd ne taaba, a to wã wilgdame tɩ b ra zãada b tãmbã. B yiibã fãa yaa minim sẽn yaa minim buud-gomd sẽn be Khmer buud-gomdã pʋgẽ, bɩ pradal serey. A tãab-n-soabã pʋgẽ, b wilgda rao sẽn na n zab ne bõn-vɩɩg sẽn wat n be tẽngã zugã, la a naas-n-saambã pʋgẽ, b wilgd rao sẽn zabd ne rũms kãsenga. Kambodja sẽn tar yʋʋm kobs-kãsenga, tõe n yɩɩ bũmb sẽn kɩt tɩ rĩm-dãmb sẽn yaa Angkor dãmb n soog Azi-Dĩin-Wõog soolmẽ wã yʋʋm 600 n sɩng yʋʋmd 800 sẽn looge. Tẽnga sẽn da yaa b tẽnga tẽn-kãsengã, a Longvek, ra yaa sodaasã siglgã. Yaa tẽn-kãnga sẽn da tar bãngdb la zab-teedã tigis zĩig ye.^[6] A Om Yom sẽn yaa bokator karen-saambã yeelame tɩ zĩis a taab wa Svay Chrum District, Kraing Leav la Pungro sẽn be Kampong Chhnang tẽng Rolea B'ier District wã ra yaa zĩn-dãmb sẽn mi n zãmsd zab zab zabã. Rũndã-rũndã, sodaasã ket n zãmsd b mens zĩig ning.

Wala bokator karen-saamb a Som On sẽn yeelã, bokator zabdbã pa zãms nebã b sẽn maand rũndã-rũndã wã wa b sẽn maand b sẽn maandã ye, la b zãmsda b mens zĩig sẽn pa wõnd nebã ye.

Rũndã-rũndã

A Pol Pot naamã wakat (1975-1979) pʋgẽ, kamb-rãmbã kʋʋ neb nins sẽn da maand minimã ne b sẽn da maandã, b zoe n lebg zoees rãmba, wall b bas n zãmsda nebã la b solg b mens. Kambodja sẽn wa n be n be n pa beẽ wã, Vyetnam nebã sɩngame n zab ne zabrã. A San Kim Sean (sẽn yaa a Sean Kim San sẽn zems ne a yʋʋrã sẽn be Inglizã pʋgẽ) yaa b sẽn boond tɩ bokator sẽn yaa rũndã-rũndã wã ba, la b sẽn boond-a tɩ a vʋʋga la a Pol Pot wakatẽ wã, a San Kim Sean ra segd n põsame n zoe Kambodja, a sẽn da be n zãmsd nebã hapkido la bokatorã (tõnd sẽn da yaa a soabã) n sɩng sodaas siglgã. A sẽn wa n be Amerikẽ wã, a sɩngame n zãmsd hapkido wã YMCA sẽn be Houston, Texas, la poore a kolga Long Beach, California.A sẽn da zĩnd Etazĩni n zãmsd nebã hapkido wã, a bãngame tɩ ned pa wʋm bokator yell ye. A basa Etazĩni yʋʋmd 1992 n lebg n wa Kambodja n na n lebs a bokator nebã la a maan a sẽn tõe fãa n kɩt tɩ nebã bãng-a.

An ancient Khmer warrior using a thrust kick on Rahu in a bas-relief from the Banteay Chhmar temple.

Yʋʋmd 2001 soabã pʋgẽ, a San Kim Sean leb n kẽnga Phnom Penh la a sẽn paam noor n deeg rĩm-paalgã nengẽ, a sɩng n zãmsda kom-bɩɩs bokatorã. Yʋʋmd kãng menga, a sẽn da tẽed t'a na n kɩtame tɩ b karen-biis nins fãa sẽn ket n be be wã naag taab, a sɩngame n kẽnda tẽn-tẽngã n baood bokator lok kru, sẽn yaa karen-saam-dãmb sẽn paam n põs a naamã. A yãaga neb a wãn sẽn da kʋʋl n tar yʋʋm 60 n ta 90 la b sẽn nams yʋʋm 30 wã yĩnga. B sẽn tõog n yeel-b bũmb wʋsg n kõ-b tɩ b sak n deeg b sorã, b ra sak n basame tɩ b tõog n lebs n kõ Kambodja nebã bokatorã. Sẽn kɩɩsd nebã sẽn tẽedã, a San Kim Sean pa labokatao karen-saamb a ye bal n paam n põse. A taabã yaa Meas Sok, Meas Sarann, Ros Serey, Sorm Van Kin, Mao Khann la Savoeun Chet. Neb a taab me ra yaa zab-teed dãmb sẽn paam bokator zãmsg tɩ b pa mi b meng sõma b zãmsgã pʋgẽ, bala b pa tar minim ning b sẽn segd n zãmsã ye. B maana tẽnga bokatorã pipi yʋʋm 2006, yʋʋm 2006 sɛt kiuug rasem 26-29 wã Phnom Penh Olympic Stadium wã. B ra naagda tigims 20 sẽn yit tẽng a nu n be.

Bokator paama b sẽn dat n gʋls yʋʋm 2022 wã (17.COM) nin-buiidã sẽn pa tar bũmb ning sẽn tar yõod ne b vɩɩmã wã sẽn be b sʋka.

Bokator tara karen-biis 7,000 Kambodža la tẽn-zẽmsã pʋsẽ. Yaa nin-kãsems sẽn dɩk b mens n kõ wã, a Ith Pen, a Sen Sam Ath, a San Kim Sean, a Ros Serei, a Am Yom, a Suong Neng, a Ponh Keun, a Voeng Sophal, a Ke Sam On, a Kim Chiev, a Chet Ay, la a Kao Kob, n tʋmd ne sũ-sãoong n kogend la b kõt nebã kʋdemdã. Kambodja provense piig la a tãab pʋsẽ, Bokator tẽnga lekollã beeme, tɩ karen-bi-kãsems-kãsemsã zãmsda b karen-biisã la b deegda b karenba sõngr b sẽn kõ-b tẽn-tẽnsã.

The long staff/(dambong veng) and short staff(s)/(dambong clei) are the most common weapons used in Bokator and Cambodian martial arts.

Sẽn na yɩl n paas n paas n na n sõng tɩ Bokatorã paam pãnga, Kambodja Kom-tĩnd Olimpik Kom-tʋʋmdã taoor n lugl Kambodja Koɛɛg Kom-tɩɩnd Kom-tʋʋnd Kom-Tʋʋnd Komdã, ne karẽn-bi-bɩɩgã, kom-bɩɩsã la kibayã minisrgã sõngre. Woto kɩtame tɩ karen-biis la karen-biisa sẽn be tẽn-zẽmsã tõe n ket n zãmsda b zãmsgo. Yaa Kambodja tẽngẽ me la b maand-a, sẽn yɩɩd fãa Etazĩni, Erop la Ostrali, ne Kambodja neb sẽn be tẽn-zẽmsã sẽn sõngd-b.

Bokator tara zĩis sẽn pa wõnd taaba, tɩ b tar minim wʋsg ne taab sẽn yaa sõma ne taab sẽn kẽed ne fizikã, tʋʋm-teedã, gom-biisã la minim nins b sẽn nongã. Sẽn yɩɩd koe-moondbã, a yãta tʋʋm-nood sẽn be Chhay Yam yɩɩl la Khmer-rɩtg tʋʋm-no-kãsems pʋsẽ wala Lakhon Bassac. A sẽn tar mak-sõngo, la a sẽn tar võor sõma wã kɩtame t'a tõe n maana yɩɩl-gʋlsdb sẽn tõe n tolg n wilg b sẽn maandẽ, la sɛbã, la kibarã, la bõn-naands wala fɩtɛɛr la fotograafɩ wã wɛɛngẽ. Yʋʋmd 2020 soabã pʋgẽ, Kambodja provense toor-toor karen-biis n da yaa tẽn-tẽnsã sʋka, n na n paam n bãng b sẽn mi n bãng bũmb ninsã, n zãms b minimã la b bãngrã. Sẽn na n yɩ vẽeneg tɩ b paasame tɩ Bokator yaa b sẽn na n maan Azi-Dʋma wã kibsã kibay yʋʋmd 2023 wã.

Kambodja Kun Bokator Federasiõ (CKBF), sẽn sig yʋʋmd 2004 wã, tara rol sẽn tar yõod wʋsg n sõngd b sẽn na n paam zãmsg tẽn-tẽngã, tigis-kãsems, seminaar la bokatorã minimã la b minimã lekollã wɛɛngẽ. A yaa platform sẽn na yɩl tɩ karen-biis tõe n dɩk b bãngrã la b bãngrã. Yʋʋmd 2020 tɛka, b sẽn boond tɩ "Bokator" wã yaa b sẽn na n zãms b kambã la b kambã b sẽn na yɩl n paam b mensã. Sẽn yɩɩd yʋʋm a nu sẽn paam bãngr Bokator pʋgẽ wã, b zãmsa b bãngrã la b minimã ne neb nins sẽn pa tar b minimã, tɩ b zãad-b wakat fãa b zakẽ. Rɩt ne pag sẽn maandã zãmsda taaba, naoor wʋsgo, semen pʋgẽ.

B maanda yɩɩr zĩis a taab la tẽn-tẽnsã, tɩ Kambodja Kunbokator Federasiõ (CKBF) me sõngd-b lame. CKBF me talla sor n na n sõngame tɩ tʋʋm-kãsems, zãmsg la sɛb zĩnd n tõog n kɩt tɩ tʋʋm-kãngã kell n kell n yɩ sõma.

Tẽngã nebã sẽn nongã

Yʋʋmd 2017 wã, Bokator yɩɩ kambodja wã filim ning sẽn yaa sõma wã pʋgẽ.^[7]^[8]^[9] Bokator yaa bokator sẽn yaa pipi kareng sẽn be nin-buiidã sʋka, sẽn be ne Neal Shusterman sẽn gʋlsd karengã sẽn boond tɩ Arc of Scythe.

Yãk-y n tool-y neda

Angkor Wat, the location of many ancient martial arts bas-reliefs.
Hallway long bas-relief mural depicting numerous martial arts techniques known to the Khmer Empire at Angkor Wat(12th century).
A bokator martial artist carrying a phkak, a traditional Khmer axe.
Bas-relief of the King carrying a phkak, a traditional Khmer axe. Located at Angkor Wat(1100s)
A Bokator practitioner demonstrates a thrust kick(tekt) on his training partner.
Wooden arm shields known as staupe or Cambodian "tonfa"
Bas-relief of arm shield. Located at Angkor Wat(1100s)
Elbow to the jaw pass the arm shield. Bas-relief located at Angkor Wat(1100s)
Bokator spear and long staff
Ground technique: leg grab and spear attack from the ground. Bas-relief at Bayon temple(12th/13th century)
Bas relief of rear naked choke
Angkor statue of grappling by the Khmer Empire
Battlefield scene at Angkor Wat. Techniques of submission holds in the upper left and lower left with thrust kick in the middle and elbow strike in the center.
Behind the back submission hold on the left. Ground fighting in the middle. Bas relief at Angkor Wat(1100s)
Bokator knife (Kambet Bantoh)
Bas-relief at Angkor Wat of a Hanuman style single leg headlock
Climbing attack: martial artist climbs the quad to attack from above. At Angkor Wat.
Knee attack stone carving at Bayon temple(12th/13th century)
The "trabiet" is a rice threshing tool used by farmers and a martial arts weapon.
Bas-relief of elbow strike. Located at Angkor Wat(12th century)
Bas-relief of elbow strike. Located at Angkor Wat(12th century)
Knee strike at a distracted opponent. Bas-relief from a mural in Angkor Wat ruins.

Ges-y me

Indian martial arts
Kbachkun boraan
Khmer Traditional Wrestling
Muay Boran
Kun Khmer
Silat Minangkabau
Indonesian martial arts
Filipino martial arts
Angampora

Sebr sebre

B leb n gʋlsa-a lame tɩ L'Bokator (Khmer: ល្បុក្កតោ, lbŏkkâtaô [lɓokkatao]) Gom-bil ning sẽn yaa bokator wã võor yaa "gɩdg gɩgemd" sẽn yit gom-biis nins sẽn yaa bok sẽn dat n yeel tɩ "gɩdg" la tor sẽn dat n yeel tɩ "gɩdg".

Sebtiise

Zems-n-taase

Bokator Khmer: Kambodgã zab-bɛdã buud sẽn sɩng hal pĩnd wẽndẽ wã

http://www.phnompenhpost.com/index.php/200610067047/National-news/from-battlefield-to-sport-arena-the-rebirth-of-bokator.html

Zʋg-y n bãng-y y sẽn tõe n maan to-to n tõog n zab ne y meng ne ziri wã.

[1] ttps://archive.org/details/lonelyplanetcamb00nick/page/99

[2] ttps://www.phnompenhpost.com/sport/bokator-master-targets-expats-short-course

[3] ttp://www.talesofasia.com/rs-99-bokator.htm

[4] ttps://cambodianess.com/article/khmer-bokator-a-martial-art-adopted-from-animals-and-plants

[5] ttps://web.archive.org/web/20170411034220/http://www.myanmar-image.com/mandalay/misc/image4.html#

[6] ttps://www.britannica.com/biography/Suryavarman-II

[7] ttp://www.khmertimeskh.com/news/25698/bokator-on-the-big-screen/

[8] ttps://variety.com/2017/film/reviews/jailbreak-review-1202503606/

[9] ttps://www.khmertimeskh.com/50751459/raya-and-the-last-dragon-due-for-release-next-year-brings-pride-to-cambodia/

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