Kamaana

kamaana

ingredient

Subclass of	grain, food
Has use	nutrition
Natural product of taxon	kamaana
Related category	Category:Maize products, Category:Maize production, Category:Maize dishes

Kamaana (/meɪz/ MAYZ; Zea mays subsp. mays, Spanish : maíz yaha Taino: mahis), lebga m bôon na ti "corn "(North American and Australian English), ya bõn-beelle n yé wĩndg goabga Mexico neb ning yʋʋm koabẽ piig n looga. Kamaan yaa kood sẽn yaa kood b sẽn sɩng n zãag ne buud a taab sẽn be Meksik rɩtgo. Bõn-buudã vãad sẽn tar sebã kɩtdame tɩ b tõe n paam tɩɩg-rãmb sẽn yaa wa tɩɩg-rãmb sẽn tar tɩɩs a taaba. B sã n gomd kood yelle, b nong n boond-a lame tɩ koodã, tɩ b sã n boond-a tɩ koodã, b boond-a tɩ koodã. Wala makre, Etazĩni la Ostrali wã, b wae n boond-a lame tɩ kood, la Ãngeletɛɛr ne Welsã, b tõe n yeelame tɩ kood bɩ zɛɛre, la Eskotɛnd ne Irlãnd, tɩ yaa zɛɛre.

Dũniyã zĩis wʋsg pʋgẽ, koodã lebga rɩɩb sẽn tar yõod wʋsgo. Sẽn paase, ninsaalb rɩt-a lame (tõnd nong n dɩt-a-la wa masa), la b rɩkd-a me n maand ethanol, n kõt rũms rɩɩbo, la bõn-buud a taab sẽn yit koodẽ, wala makre, koodã yamdgã la koodã sɩropã. Burã buud a yoobã yaa bur sẽn yaa kãn-kãnga, bur sẽn yaa kʋɩl-kãnga, bur sẽn yaa kʋɩl-kãnga, bur sẽn yaa kʋɩl-kãnga, bur sẽn yaa kʋɩl-kãnga, la bur sẽn yaa kʋɩl-kãnga. B nong n bɩɩsda kood sẽn tar sũ-noog n dɩt nebã, tɩ kood sẽn be pʋʋgẽ wã yaool n tʋmd rũms rɩɩb yĩnga, la b tũnugd ne koodã n dɩt ninsaalbã (tõnd sẽn tõe n ningd-a koodã bɩ masa wã pʋgẽ, n ningd-a koodã kaam pʋgẽ, n ningd-a rã-yũudg pʋgẽ, n ningd-a rã-yũudg la rã-yũudg sẽn yaa rã-yũudg wa bourbon wiski wã), la b rɩkd-a n maand tʋʋm-noy a taaba. Sẽn paase, b tũnugda ne koodã n maand ethanol la bõn-vɩɩs a taab sẽn tar yõodo.

Dũniyã gill zugu, b koodame, la yʋʋmd fãa, b kood-a-la wʋsgo. Yʋʋmd 2021 wã pʋgẽ, dũniyã tõr koodã yɩɩ tusa la pissi. Burkĩna yaa burkĩna sẽn yaa kood ning b sẽn bʋt wʋsg Amerikã fãa pʋgẽ, t'a tara ton dãmb milyõ 384 sẽn bʋt Etazĩni pʋgẽ yʋʋm 2021 wã pʋgẽ bala. Burkĩna sẽn yaa b sẽn toeeme ne a rogem-n-mikã yaa burkĩna sẽn bʋd Etazĩni yʋʋmd 2009 wã 85%. Etazĩni wã sẽn sõngd nebã tɩ b kood koodã yaa wʋsgo, tɩ kɩt tɩ b yaa dũni gill kood-yendã.

Bõn-wẽnsã

Bõn-buudã

• African armyworm (Spodoptera exempta)
• African sugarcane borer (Eldana saccharina)
• Asian corn (Ostrinia furnacalis)
• Common armyworm (Pseudaletia unipuncta)
• Common earwig (Forficula auricularia)
• Corn delphacid (Peregrinus maidis)
• Corn leaf aphid (Rhopalosiphum maidis)
• Corn rootworms (Diabrotica spp) including Western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte), Northern corn rootworm (D. barberi or D. longicornis) and Southern corn rootworm (D. undecimpunctata howardi)
• Corn silkfly (Euxesta stigmatias)
• Dusky sap beetle (Carpophilus lugubris)
• European coorn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis) (ECB)
• Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) Some sweet corn varieties have developed partial resistance to fall army worms by producing a unique 33-kD proteinase that significantly retards fall army worm growth.
• Corn earworm/Cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa zea)
• Lesser cornstalk borer (Elasmopalpus lignosellus)
• Maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais)
• Northern armyworm, Oriental armyworm or Rice ear-cutting caterpillar (Mythimna separata)
• Southwestern corn borer (Diatraea grandiosella)
• Stalk borer (Papaipema nebris)

Bãase

bãas sõor

• Rust
• Corn smut or common smut (Ustilago maydis): a fungal disease, known in Mexico as huitlacoche, which is prized by some as a gourmet delicacy in itself
• Northern corn leaf blight (Purdue Extension site) (Pioneer site) Archived June 24, 2017, at the Wayback Machine
• Southern corn leaf blight
• Maize downy mildew (Peronosclerospora spp.)
• Maize dwarf mosaic virus
• Maize streak virus
• Stewart's wilt (Pantoea stewartii)
• Goss's wilt (Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis)
• Grey leaf spot
• Mal de Río Cuarto virus (MRCV)
• Stalk rot
• Ear rot
• Aspergillus flavus
• A. parasiticus

A kʋdemdã

Kormã yaa bõn-buudu, tɩ yaa ninsaal n segd n kẽes a toog n kɩt t'a bɩ. B sã n mikame tɩ koodã pa yit a toor n lʋɩ bɩ, yaa kaset sẽn wilgd tɩ yaa sõma tɩ b bãng koodã n welg ne a yaab a ye. B leb n tõe n tũnuga ne rog-n-mik n bãng wakat ning buud toor-toorã sẽn na n welge.

Kʋdemd mitba wʋsg tẽedame tɩ yaa Tehuacán kʋɩlgã sẽn be Meksikã n da tar koodã. Yʋʋm kob-gĩnd 21 wã sɩngrẽ, vaeesg sẽn maan pa yã n kaoos kɩtame tɩ b toeem tagsg kãngã.

Yʋʋmd 2002 soabã pʋgẽ, a Matsuoka ne neb a taab n maan vaeesgo, n wilg tɩ burã fãa yita buud a yembr pʋgẽ, sẽn be Meksik rɩtgo, sẽn zems yʋʋm 9,000 sẽn looge. Bãngrã wilgame me tɩ bur buud nins sẽn ket n be rũndã-rũndã n yaa nin-kẽemdã yaa Burkĩna pʋga. Kaoosg zugẽ, koodã yii zĩ-kãnga n sa n ta Amerik tẽns a yiib pʋsẽ. Woto zemsa ne bũmb b sẽn maan tɩ wilgdẽ tɩ bur-buudã ra bee Meksik tãensẽ wã, n yaool n sa n ta pʋɩ-tẽnsã.

B sẽn bʋdã

A sẽn pa sakd waoodã yĩnga, b segd n sel-a-la noore. A yẽg-rãmbã pa zãad zĩig wʋsg ye. A sẽn yaa tɩɩg sẽn tũnugd ne C4 carbon fixation wã yĩnga, koodã yaa tɩɩg sẽn dɩkd koom sõma n yɩɩd tɩɩg ning sẽn tũnugd ne C3 carbon fixation wa alfalfa la soja. Tɩɩmã sã n wa yitẽ, a sã n wa tõe n paam tɩ bõn-vãadã tõog n kʋɩ-a, yaa tɩlɛ t'a ra wa ki. Etazĩni wã, b ra yetame tɩ koodã sã n wa bɩt tɩ ta "juli rasem a naase", b na n paama kood wʋsgo. B sã n tigsd koodã, b segd n tigs-a lame tɩ tɩɩgã ket n yaa kʋɩlemde, tɩ biisã ket n pa bɩ ye. B tigimd-a-la "bi-pɛɛlg" sasa, sẽn dat n yeel tɩ b sã n wa tigimd-a, b yaool n tigimd-a lame. B basda koodã pʋʋgẽ wã hal tɩ ta sa-koomã, tɩ koodã kʋɩ sõma, la wakat ninga, b tõe n ka tigsd-a hal tɩ ta waoodã, wall tɩ ta yibeoog sɩngrẽ ye. Afirik tẽns wʋsg pʋsẽ, b wilgame tɩ yaa tɩlae tɩ b ning koom tʋʋlg zĩig ning sẽn zemse, bala kʋɩlgã sã n wat n sãamd pʋʋgã, koodã pa paamd ye. Baa ne a sẽn yit zĩig ning tɩ pemsemã yaa wʋsgo, b yeelame t'a tõe n zĩnda zĩig ning tɩ pemsemã yaa wʋsgo.

Yẽg-yã/Tigsi

B tõe n bĩngda kood sẽn yaa kood tɩ kaoos wʋsgo, hal tɩ kaoos kiis wʋsgo. Nand tɩ yʋʋm kob-gĩnd 20 soabã ta, b ra tʋmda ne nug n tigsd koodã. Nebã ne rũmsã ra tʋmda tʋʋm-kãense, baa b sẽn da na n wʋk koodã ne nug la b wãb-a. Yʋʋmd 1890 n tãag yʋʋmd 1970 wã sʋka, koodã tigsg tɛknolozi wã paasame wʋsgo. Rũndã-rũndã, b ket n tũnugda ne teknolozi kãensã fãa, sẽn sɩng ne nug n tigsd n tãag ne mobill sẽn na yɩl n tigs tɩ zemse, tɩ zems ne pʋʋg a yembr fãa raabo, baa ne mobillã sẽn na yɩl n tigs tɩ zemse wã sẽn tar pãng n yɩɩd wã, bala b tara ligd sẽn yaa naana n yɩɩda, b sã n dɩk-b n tall n maan tʋʋm-kãsemse.

Nand tɩ Dũni gill zabr a yiib-n-soabã sɩnge, b ra tigsda kood wʋsg Etazĩni. Woto ra baoodame tɩ tʋm-tʋmdb wʋsg zĩnd ne taab n maan bũmb a taaba (rɩk-rɩk bɩ b sẽn na n pukd bõn-buudã). Sẽn sɩng ne yʋʋmd 1890 wã, masĩn-dãmb kẽer wa n tõe n maan tɩ b tʋʋmdã yɩ sõma, wala makre, masĩn-dãmb sẽn tar sor a ye la a yiib (sẽn yãkd koodã n basd tɩ b ningd-a wã) la masĩn-dãmb sẽn maand tɩ koodã paadẽ.

Tʋʋmde

Ned rɩɩb Burkĩna ne burkĩna yaa rɩɩb sẽn yaa sõma dũniyã zĩis wʋsg pʋsẽ. B tũnugda ne koodã n yiisd bĩisim, tɩ yaa bũmb b sẽn nong n dɩt zagsẽ wã, la rɩɩb wʋsg b sẽn maand ne tʋʋm teedã. B tõe n maana koom-koglgã ne koom-koglgã, n ning-a koom-koglgã pʋgẽ, n ning-a koom-koglgã pʋgẽ. Burã sẽn yaa rãam sẽn yit koodẽ wã yaa Burbon wiski. B tũnugda ne kood-bɩll n maand bur la rɩɩb a taab b sẽn dɩta.

Pĩnd wẽndẽ wã, Mesoameriik pagbã ra tũnugda ne metate n maand kood n lebg zũud sẽn yaa zũud n kõt rɩɩb sẽn tar kalori n yɩɩd popcorn. B sẽn wa n wa maan bũmb a taab n na n kogl koodã, b sɩngame n dɩt koodã ne fɩtɩlã. Baa ne tom sẽn tar niacin sẽn yaa bũmb sẽn tar yõod wʋsgã, a ra pa tõe n paam-a ye. Maya nebã ra tũnugda ne nixtamal rɩɩb n maan porridges la tamales buud toor-toore. 139] Rẽ poore, b ra tũnugda ne yel-bũndã n segend kood sẽn na yɩl n kõ-b rɩɩbo. [ seb-neng sẽn yaa tɩlae ]

Koodã yaa Meksik rɩɩb sẽn tar yõod wʋsgo. Masa wã yaa bũmb ning sẽn kɩt tɩ b maand tortillasã, atole wã, la rɩɩb a taab wʋsg sẽn be Etazĩni. A yaa kood tortilli, tamales, pozole, atole la rɩɩb nins fãa b sẽn maand ne-bã, wala tacos, quesadillas, chilaquiles, enchiladas, tostadas la bũmb a taab wʋsgo. Mexique wã, b getame tɩ koodã bugum yaa rɩɩb sẽn yaa sõma

B tõe n tigsa koodã n dɩ-a me, a sã n ket n pa bɩɩme. Sẽn na yɩl tɩ koodã lebg sõma, yaa tɩlɛ tɩ b wa yũ-a. B nong n wãbda kood sẽn yaa sũ-noog buud sẽn tar sũ-noog wʋsgo, la sẽn pa tar sɩt wʋsg ye.

Rɩt la rũms rɩɩb

Koodã yaa kood sẽn yaa rɩɩb sẽn yaa sõma, la rũmsã rɩɩb me. B rɩlgda rũmsã ne manesem toɛy-toɛyã. B sã n dɩkd-a n kood koodã, b rɩkd-a lame n kõ rũmsã. Naoor wʋsgo, b kogend-b-la ne koodã, tɩ b tõe n tall-b n bĩng kaagrã pʋgẽ. Rɩk-n-taag ning sẽn dɩt rũmdã tõe n yiisa rũmsa, n da-b raagẽ, bɩ a tõe n dɩ-b lame. B sã n dɩk bõn-buudã n kõ rũmsã, b tõe n dɩka tɩɩg ning sẽn ketã n kõ-b rɩɩbo, n kõ-b tɩ b gãand-ba, wall n maneg b zĩiga. B sã n dɩkd koodã fãa n dɩt rɩɩbo, b nong n kɛɛgd-a-la wakat a ye n ningd-a-la be, bala, a sã n da be be, a pa tõe n dig ye. Tɩɩm sẽn yaa bũmbu, yaa bõn-buud sẽn tar yõod n yɩɩd bũmbu. Nand tɩ b wa tũnugd ne koodã n ningd koodã zĩig fãa, b ra wae n tigsda koodã n ningd-b zĩ-rãmb pʋsẽ, n yaool n kʋɩlgd-ba. Rẽ poore, b ra bĩngd-a-la koglg pʋgẽ, n yaool n kõ rũmsã rɩɩbo. Rũndã-rũndã, pa b sẽn ningd-b koodã bal n tõe n ning-b ye. La zĩis nins sẽn be sa-sobendã, b tõe n tigsa koodã yʋʋmd tõr pʋgẽ, n dɩl-a n yɩ rɩɩbo

Bãngr-gomdã la b bãngrã

Bãagã sẽn yaa wa b sẽn boond tɩ bẽedã yaa b sẽn tar n tar n tar a sẽn yaa n tar n ta mĩnd a ye.51 A sãnemã yaa internood 20 la a kaoosd cm 18 la a yaa a to. A sãnemdã yita noodã pʋgẽ, n be a zug n zab ne a taaba, la a tara a pʋ-tẽer n yaa a pʋ-peelem. Bãagã zugẽ, b yaa b sẽn tar tɩ b yaa b yaab-rãmba, la b yaa b kambã la b yaa a kambã.52 53 54

Pollenã yaa anemophilus (rɩt sẽn tar pãng n tar-a wã), la a sẽn yaa a sẽn maand n pa tar pãng n maandẽ wã yĩnga, pollen wʋsg lʋɩtame metr a wãn n kolg n pa beẽ wã ye. [55] 56

B sẽn boond tɩ b "grã-rɩtgã" yaa b sẽn boond tɩ "grãr-rɩta" wã. B sẽn boond b tɩ b "greetgã" yaa "grãrã-rɩtã" sẽn yaa b "grɩtgã".

B sẽn boond tɩ silk wã, b yitda ne sãnem-paalã sẽn be tʋb noorẽ wã. B yaa sãnem-biis sẽn yaa yĩn-bil n yaa samd sẽn yaa ne samd sẽn wõnd samd a yembr. A sã n wa tar a biisã, a sã n wa naag ne a bõn-buudã, b boond-a lame t'a karyopsi. A sã n yaa bõn-buud sẽn tar bõn-buudu, a yaa bõn-naandg sẽn yaa wa b sẽn boond tɩ bẽedã. A sã n wa tar a bugum, a tõe n paama a bugum sẽn yaa pemsem, la a sã n wa paam a bugum n lebg bugum, b tõe n paama bugum sẽn yɩɩd a bugum. A pa tar koodã sẽn tar proteẽ wã ye, la rẽ n kɩt t'a maand bũmbu, tɩ b pa tõe n dɩd-a ye. A sã n wa yaa wa a sẽn yaa bi-bɩɩg bɩ a sã n wa n yaa wa a yaa wa a ye, a tõe n dɩka a wʋmbã n kõ a ye.

• 
  Female inflorescence, with young silk
• 
  Mature silk
• 
  Stalks, ears and silk
• 
  Male flowers
• 
  Full-grown maize plants
• 
  Mature maize ear on a stalk

Sẽn yaa to-to wã, b sẽn naan n naan n naan b koodã, b naan n naan tɩ b naan n tɩge.[60]

Bãagã yaa bõn-vɩɩs sẽn maand daar bilf sẽn yaa toor ne b sẽn datã, la b zẽkda b zẽed daar bilf sẽn yɩɩd °C 10 (F). Bãagbã sẽn be zĩig ning b sẽn dat n zẽkd b zẽedã, b bee daar zãnda. Bãag-kãagã sẽn yaa to-to wã kɩtame tɩ b tõog n tall rasem wʋsg n yaool n wa rɩt n kõ-b tɩ b yãk-a.

DIMBOA yaa hydroxamic acid (b sẽn boond tɩ benzoxazinoid) sull a ye sẽn yaa koglg sẽn yaa toor ne bõn-naadb buud toor-toor sẽn tar kʋdmã, n paas bugs-wẽns la fõnd sẽn wat ne bãaga. DIMBOa leb n beedẽ ne bõn-kʋdmã, sẽn yɩɩd fãa, koodẽ. DIMboa sẽn pa tar DIMBO A wã yaa wa bõn-kʋdã la fõnda sẽn namsdẽ. Dimboa leb n yaa sẽn maand tɩ b tõe n wa tõog n zab ne a ye. DIMBoa yaa sẽn pa tar-a ye.[61] [62]

A yẽgã sẽn pa tar pãng yĩnga, a yaa wa sẽn yaa kʋɩl-kãsengã yĩnga, a pa tol n tõe n deeg zĩm nins sẽn tar nafa wã ye, la a tõe n paama sobg sẽn yaa kãsenga. [64][65]