Morna (music)

morna

music genre, type of dance

Subclass of	music of Cape Verde
Indigenous to	Oslo
Country of origin	Cape Verde, Norway
Intangible cultural heritage status	Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, Immateriell kulturarv
Described at URL	https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/01469, https://ich.unesco.org/fr/RL/01469, https://ich.unesco.org/es/RL/01469

Morna (Portugal ne Cape Verdean Creole: [ˈmɔɾnɐ]) yaa mizik la dans buud sẽn yit Cape Verde.

Yaa ne Cape Verdean Creole la b gʋlsd yɩɩlã

Morna yaa b sẽn getã n yaa Cape Verde tẽnga mizikã, wa fado sẽn yaa Portugal, tango sẽn yaa Argentine, merengue sẽn yaa Domiinikan tẽnga, rumba sẽn yaa Kuba, la b sẽn boond tɩ.

Sẽn yɩɩl-a yɩɩl-kãsenga n yɩɩdã yaa Cesária Évora. Morna ne buud-goam a taab sẽn yaa Kaab-Verd mizik me yaa b sẽn getã Kaab-verd nebã sẽn be tẽn-zẽmsẽ wã, sẽn yɩɩd fãa, Etazĩni, Portugal, Nizo-Bɛɛr, Frans, Afirik Wɛtgã la Latɛn-Amerika zĩisẽ.

Wa yɩɩl buud

Wa yɩɩl buud a ye, morna wã yaa yɩɩl sẽn pa tar pãng n yaa wa a sẽn yaa to-to, a yaa yɩɩl a yiib sẽn yaa to - to (wansa 4) la a sẽn yaa a sẽn yaa siglgã sẽn yaa to wã yaa yɩɩll sẽn yaa to a nu-n-soabã, tɩ yɩɩl-kãnga yaa yɩɩl-kẽeng sẽn yaa toore. Morna wã yaa wakat fãa sẽn yaa to-to, yaa woto: b gʋlsda a yembr bala. Yaa pa nana ne b sẽn maand yɩɩl n yɩɩd a ye, la yaa b sẽn bas tɩ b lebg kãsengo, wall b lebg n lebg kãsenge.

B sẽn maan to-to wã

Sẽn yaa a sẽn yaa a sẽn yɩɩd a taabã, a morna wã yaa a nu-biiga. Sẽn sɩng ne harmonikã sẽn yaa to-to wã yaa t'a yaa t'o yaa tonikã, t'a yiib-n-soabã yaa t'i yaa t'uusg-n-se-n-sʋka (a sẽn yaa to wã), t'a tãab-n-to wã me yaa t'e yaa t' a pipi wã, t' a naas-n-taabã yaa t-a sẽn yaa t'an-soabã (a sẽn ya t'a lʋɩɩs-n-tʋʋmdã) n sɩng ne t'a ket n yaa t'ai wã. B sẽn boond tɩ tonik, dominant a yopoe soabã, subdominant wã, yaa "primeira", "segunda" la "terceira" (b sẽn boond tɩ pipi, yiib-n-soaba, la tãab-n-saamb) sẽn yaa b sẽn boond tɩ "tone wã" wã. Wala makre, b sã n wa yɩɩl ne A-beoog sẽn pa mi b mensẽ, b na n yeelame tɩ A-beogr sẽn pa mi a taabã yaa "primeira de Lá menor" (a pipi n pa mi a soabã), tɩ E-beogr a 7 soabã yaa "segunda de Lá menor", tɩ D-beogrã yaa "terceira de Lá minor" (a tãab n pa mi b taabã).

La woto yaa morna sẽn yaa bũmb ning sẽn yaa bũmb sẽn pa to wã la sẽn yaa bũmb nins sẽn yaa bũmb a to wã. Pipi, b kɩtame tɩ b lebg sõma n paas ne b sẽn boond tɩ "tũud-n-taase" (Ges-y sull ning sẽn pʋgdã). A yiib-n-soabã, b pa segd n maan woto ye. Kompozitã wʋsg, sẽn yɩɩd fãa kompozitã sẽn yaa wa pĩndã, tʋmda ne yɩɩl sẽn pa wõnd taaba.

Dẽn-biis sẽn yaa sõma

Rhythmic model of the morna, ± 60 bpm.

Yɩɩllã pʋgẽ, morna wã yɩɩlã yaa toor-toore, la yɩɩlã sẽn tar no-kãnga n yikdẽ la b yikdẽ wã pa yembr ye. A morna wã sẽn yaa bũmb ning sẽn maand wʋsg n kɩt tɩ b pa miẽ tɩ b yaa sõma wã yaa b sẽn pa miẽ t'a yaa sõma n yɩɩd ye. B yɩɩla yɩɩl pipi la a poorẽ wã.

Yɩɩllã yaa vɛrse, tɩ b leb n gʋlsd-a-la ne seb-n-taase. B sẽn boond tɩ "ABABAB" wã, b sẽn boond tɩ b sẽn boond t'a "ABAB" yaa b sẽn boond n'a "B" wã. , ABCBABCB ... , ACBACB ... , AABCCB ... , etc. Yɩɩll ning sẽn gomd yɩɩl ning yellã yɩɩl pa yembr ne yɩɩl nins sẽn gomd yɩɩll a taabã yell ye.

Sõsg ning sẽn be

Yaa bũmb toor-toor la b gomda, la yaa yel-bũnd kẽer la b wae n gomd-b-la naoor wʋsgo. Sẽn paasd bũmb nins sẽn yaa dũniyã gill zugu, wala nonglem, b gomda Cape Verde nebã yell wʋsgo, wala sã n wa yi tẽn-zẽnga, sã n wa lebg n wa, sã n dat n wa paam laafɩ, sã n nong b tẽng la b sẽn nong ko-kãsengã. Yaa nin-kãsems nins sẽn da maand yɩɩlã n wilg tɩ b tara tema wã yaa seb-gʋlsd a Eugénio Tavares sẽn sɩng yʋʋm 20 soabã sɩngrẽ n wilg tɩ yaa b sẽn getẽ tɩ b yaa b sẽn yetẽ tɩ b tõe n maan yɩɩl-rãmb la b bãngd sẽn yaa b sẽn nongẽ wã.

Sõngr sẽn yaa sõma

Sẽn yɩɩd fãa, b sẽn boond tɩ morna wã yaa gita, tɩ b boond-a tɩ "violão" ne buud-goam sẽn boond tɩ Cape Verde wã. A sẽn yaa a sẽn yaa nana wã, a sã n yaa gita, a tõe n yɩɩ yɩɩ yɩɩl-gʋndga, a yɩɩl-n-taag bɩ a yɩɩldã koɛɛg wall a yɩɩlb a taab fãa. B boond-b lame tɩ "mãozada" ne buud-goam nins sẽn be Cape Verde wã. A sẽn wa n wa n na n yɩɩdã, a na n yɩɩla ne a nug-bilã, n wilg a sẽn na n yɩɩl sõma wã. B tõe n yɩɩla morna wã piyano zug me, tɩ b rɩtg nusã yaa bassã la yɩɩl ning b sẽn yãkã, la b rɩtgã yaa yɩɩl ning sẽn yãkã.

A sẽn yaa wa a sẽn yaa to-to wã pa tar pãng ye. Bãng sẽn yaa kãsenga tõe n tara gitaar sẽn be wã toor sẽn ka be, cavaquinho (n sẽn kẽnd ne a sẽn tõe n maan bũmb ningã), gitaar sẽn yaa to-to ne a piig bɩ piig la a yiibu (n sẽn boond tɩ "viola" ne buud-gomdã sẽn yaa to wã, sẽn kõt-a pãng sẽn zems ne taabã), instrument a yembr sẽn pa naag ne yɩɩlã soab koɛɛgã, la instrument a to. Bãngr sẽn yaa kãsenga tõe n tara gita a to, akustika bas gita, instrument a yembr bal (violẽ, klarinɛt, trumpet, wãbgo, wãbdo, wãbge, wãbga) la instrument a taab (shaker, güiro, bongos wãbge).

Yʋʋmd 1960 wã tɛka, morna wã sɩngame n lebg elektrifization, tɩ b lebs n dɩk b to-to-to-yoodã n dɩk a to-to n dɩk a drom-to-doog n lebs n dɩk a bass-to-soabã n dɩk electric-to-zoog n dɩk a place. Yʋʋmd 1990 wã saabẽ wã, b lebg n waame n lebg n wa n maana yɩɩl sẽn pa tar kasetã.

Sẽn yaa to-to wã, yɩɩl sɩngda ne gom-biis sẽn be b sẽn na n yɩɩl ne b sẽn na yɩl n tõog n yɩɩl b toorẽ yɩɩlã. Sẽn na yɩl n tõog n tõog n yɩɩl yɩɩlã, yɩɩl-kãnga sẽn yaa a soabã pa segd n yɩɩl ye. La pa wakat fãa la kom-bɩɩs nins sẽn maan yɩɩl woto wã maand woto ye.

Wala dansã

Wa dansã, morna yaa ball-roog sẽn naan naan yɩɩl neb sẽn pa-b toore. B sẽn maand yɩɩlã, b na n yɩɩla ne b nug a yembr n gãd b nedã, la b gãd taab ne b nug-bi-bɩɩg a to wã. B sã n wa dans ne b yĩn-kãnga, b sã n wa wa dans ne-a, b sãn ket n wa dans n wa wã, b sãnda b sãn-kãaga.

Kibsa

B tõe n pʋga moorã kibayã zĩis wʋsgo, la pa wakat fãa la bãngdbã sak ye:

1st period: sɩngr dãmba

Pa nebã sẽn mi wakat ning la zĩig ning morna wã sẽn wa n pukã ye. Sẽn yaa pipi wã, b wilgame tɩ b ra tara morna sẽn zĩnd Boa Vista tẽn-kɩlengẽ yʋʋm kob-gĩnd 18 soabã pʋgẽ, la b pa tar mizikoloji kaset sẽn wilgd rẽ ye. La a Alves dos Reis sẽn yeel tɩ yʋʋm kob-gĩnd 19 soabã pʋgẽ, polka, mazurka, galop, tẽn-tẽnga dansã la yɩɩl buud toor-toor sẽn be Kaab-Verdã, b pa sak n maan bũmb ne morna wã ye, wilgdame tɩ rẽ tɛka morna wã ra zoe n yaa yɩɩl buud sẽn tar pãng n ta zĩig ning fãa.

Baa ne rẽ, saam-biis kẽer wilgame tɩ morna wã sɩngrẽ yaa yɩɩl buud a yembr sẽn boond tɩ lundum. B ra wilgame tɩ yɩɩl buud kãng n wa be Cape Verde yʋʋm kob-gĩnd 18 soabã pʋgẽ. Sẽn paase, b wilgame tɩ b tara sogs-n-taar ne morna wã la mizik buud a to sẽn da be tẽn-kãens pʋsẽ wã. B sẽn boond tɩ choros wã yaa yɩɩl sẽn maand sũ-sãams n maand wakat kẽere, wala yɩɩl nins b sẽn tʋmd ne wã la yɩɩl nins sẽn maand n kengd b mens n vʋʋsdẽ wã. Woto yĩnga, morna wã ra yaa yɩɩl sẽn yaa ne pãng n yɩɩd yɩɩl nins b sẽn boond tɩ choros wã la lundum wã sẽn yaa ne yɩɩl sẽn pa tar pãng n yɩɩd a taabã. Neb kẽer yetame tɩ b sẽn paasd b yɩɩl kẽer sẽn yaa pĩnd n yɩɩl Boa Vista wã bɩ a Eugénio Tavares yɩɩl ning sẽn yaa "Força di cretcheu" wã paasdẽ wã kɩtame tɩ b lebg wa b sẽn boond tɩ lundum wã.

Sẽn sɩng ne Boa Vista, yɩɩl-kãngã sẽn yaa a yam-paalã ra na n yalsa tẽn-kãens fãa. Wakat kãng, morna ra pa tar nonglem ning a sẽn tar rũndã-rũndã wã ye, la a pa tar zʋg-sõma nins b sẽn kõ-a wã ye.

Sã n yaa ne yɩɩlã bãngdb, b yeelame tɩ "Brada Maria" yaa yɩɩl sẽn tar kaset sẽn tar pãng n yɩɩd yɩɩl nins fãa sẽn be beẽ wã, sẽn gʋls yʋʋmd 1870 wã poor.

B pa mi gom-biig ning sẽn yaa "morna" sẽn yit zĩig ning ye. La b tara sogs-kãensã a tãab n wilgd tɩ b yaa toor ne b poorẽ dãmba la b kɩɩsdbã.

Neb kẽer yĩnga, gom-biigã yita Inglẽn-dãmbã pʋgẽ n yeel tɩ "kẽngd". Neb a taabã yĩnga, gom-biigã yita Frans "morne" pʋgẽ, sẽn yaa yʋʋr sẽn kõ tãns nins sẽn be Frans Antillã pʋsẽ, b sẽn yɩɩl chansons des mornes wã. La neb wʋsg sẽn get gom-biig ning sẽn yaa "morna" wã yaa Portugaal gom-biig a "morno" (sẽn yaa wa-a-la ne sũ-noogo) gom-bi-poak ning sẽn wilgd tɩ morna yaa sũ-noog la sũ-sãang soaba.

2nd period: Eugénio Tavares

Yʋʋm kob-gĩnd 20 soabã sɩngrẽ, b ra gomda nin-gʋlsd a Eugénio Tavares yelle. A Brava tẽn-tẽngã pʋgẽ, morna wã toeemame, n paas a sẽn da yaa bilf n yɩɩd Boa Vista morna wã.

3rd period: B. Leza

Yʋʋmd 1930 wã la 1940 wã pʋgẽ, morna wã paama zʋg-sõma a taab São Vicente. B ra mii b sẽn da maand a E. Tavares wã ne a sẽn da maand b sẽn pa tõe n bãng a sẽn maand a soabã. A Barlavento kompozitɛɛrã me ra gʋlsda a Sotavento kreolẽ. La a S. Vicente sẽn da yaa tẽng-n-bi-pugl n pa tar pãng n na n maan bũmb a taabã, kɩtame tɩ b paam n paam n paam pãng wʋsgo.

Sẽn yaa taoor soab ning sẽn kɩt tɩ b lebg b nin-kãsemsã yaa yɩɩl-gʋlsdã a Francisco Xavier da Cruz (a sẽn boond tɩ B.Leza) sẽn wa n wa n wa ne b sẽn boond tɩ "pasing chords" wã. Sẽn yaa yɩlem ne a Zeova wã sẽn maan woto wã yĩnga, a ra pa sak n na n maan a moorã sẽn yaa a nu-bi-n-soabã ye.

Wala makre, yɩɩl sẽn yaa C-tone wã tõe n yɩɩ woto:

Basic chord sequence:
C		F		C		G7
Chord sequence with passing chords:
C	C7	F	Fm7♭5	C	A7	Dm	G7

Another example, but in an A minor tonality:

Basic chord sequence:
Am		Dm		Am		E7
Chord sequence with passing chords:
Am	A7	Dm	G7	Am	F	Bm7♭5	E7

Baa ne a sẽn wõnd yaa nana, gom-kãensã sɩngrẽ wã kɩtame tɩ b bãng tɩ b sẽn wa n gomd bũmb ning yellã yaa sõma.

Bũmb a to me sẽn yaa yam-paalg yaa tɩ wakat kãngã wõnda ne sɛb sẽn boond tɩ Claridade wã, la rẽ kɩtame tɩ b paas b yel-bũndã n paas tɩ pa Romantismã la Realismã yell bal ye.

4 soabã: 1950 wã n tãag 1970 wã

Wakat kãnga, mizik buud a ye, koladeira wã, paama pãng n lebg sõma, tɩ kompozitɛɛr wʋsg mak n bãng bõn-paalgã. Woto yĩnga, yʋʋm nins sẽn sɩng yʋʋmd 1950 wã n tãag yʋʋmd 1970 wã pa wa ne yɩɩl sẽn yaa sõma wʋsg ye.

La b ra tara yɩɩl kẽer sẽn tar "tõnd sẽn yaa sõma la sẽn yaa sõma" n maandẽ, la b sã n wa sɩng n zab ne Portugal soolmã politikã, b maandẽ-a-la ne gũusgu, n paasd a gomdã sẽn na n naag ne yɩɩl nins sẽn pẽgd b tẽngẽ wã. B leb n gʋlsda yɩɩl a taab me (bolero, samba-canção, amerik yɩɩl, chanson française, ...). Yʋʋmd 1970 wã, b ra ket n yɩɩnda politik yɩɩl menga.

Yʋʋmd 1960 wã, b sɩngame n tũnugda ne tʋʋm-teedã, la b ra sɩng n moonda morna wã dũniyã gill zugu, sã n yaa ne yɩɩl nins b sẽn maand tẽn-zẽmsẽ wã, bɩ kaset dãmb sẽn maandã.

5 soabã: yʋʋm sẽn pa kaoos

Sẽn paase, b sẽn da wa n

maand yɩɩl n naan paam n paam n kõ-a a morna wã, b ra pa mi a sẽn tõe n maan to-to ye ye. Sẽn yɩɩd woto, b pa le maand a nu-vẽndã ye. B pa le maand b sẽn dat n maan a nu-biiga ye. B sẽn maand yɩɩlã pa tar yɩɩl wʋsg ye.

D sẽn maand woto wã

Boa Vista sãnu

A Boa Vista morna yaa morna buud sẽn yaa pĩnd n pa to wã. A yaa sẽn tar-a tao-tao (andante ± 96 bpm) la a yaa rubato style,[3] la a yaa sẽn yaa toor fasɩ. B gomda zak-zakre, satir la social criticism yelle. Yɩɩll ning b sẽn gʋlsã pẽgda wʋsg ne lundum.

Bõn-sõngo

A Brava morna wã yaa morna buud toor-toor sẽn yaa sõma n yɩɩd rũndã-rũndã wã sɩngre. Sẽn paase, a tara a sẽn yaa bilf n yɩɩd Boa Vista morna (sẽn yaa bilf n pa ta bpm 60), a tara Romantikism sẽn yaa a soaba, wala a sẽn tũnug ne rɛm, a sẽn tar yɩɩl sẽn yaa kãsenga, la a sẽn tar metr sẽn yaa kãenkãe. B sẽn da maand yɩɩl-gʋlsdb sẽn yit Brava la Fogo wã ket n maanda Brava wã.

São Vicente morna

São Vicente morna wã yaa Brava morna sẽn yitã. B yiibã fãa tara yɩɩl sẽn yaa yembr ye, la S. Vicente morna wã pʋgẽ, b paasda yɩɩl-rãmb sẽn loogdã n paasd yɩɩl-n-taarã. B leb n paasame tɩ b pa leb n gomd bũmb nins sẽn yaa nonglem yell bal ye, la b pa lebgd ne yɩɩl sẽn yaa kãn-kãe ye. La b pa tũnugd ne gom-biis wala "Brava morna" ye.

Sẽn sɩng ne S. Vicente morna wã, ned tõe n yãame sẽn yaa kom-bɩɩs sẽn yaa kɩdems n paas n kẽng morna buud toor-toor sẽn pa tar sor n yaool n zĩnd ye.

Sẽn paase

• Sebr ning sẽn gomd Kap-vɛrde mizikã yelle: morna, funáná, coladeira: yɩɩl sẽn wilgd sũ-sãoong sẽn yaa noogo (compil. A Phil Stanton), World Music Network, London. Harmonia mundi, yʋʋmd 2001
• Cap Vert, anthologie 1959-1992 (Cape Verde, Anthology: 1952-1992), Buda musique, Paris, Universal (2 CD)
• Cap-vert: un archipel de musiques, Radio-France, Paris; Harmonia mundi, Arles, 2003
• Timas, Lena, Magia d'morna : musique du Cap-Vert (Magic of Morna: Music of Cape Verde), Sunset-France, Mélodie, 2007

Zems-n-taase

• Bõn-kɩds sẽn gomd yɩɩl buud toor-toor sẽn be Kabo Verde wã yelle  ⁇
• Blog de fãs em homenagem à Diva dos Pés Descalços - Since 2008  Sẽn sɩng ne yʋʋmd 2008
• A Morna  -  a evolução (koɛɛg-koɛɛga)  -  Portuguese
• Música e Cabo-verdianos em Lisboa  -  Ne Portigã
• A dança do landu (dos antigos reinos do Kongo e de Ngola à Boa Vista) - Ne Portuguese
• Morna yɩɩlã National Geographic pʋgẽ

Look up morna (music) in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

v t e Genres of African popular music

v t e Music from Lusophone countries