Pantun
| Subclass of | ghazal  |
|---|---|
| Name | Indonesian ghazal |
| Native label | pantun |
| Country of origin | Iran |
| Intangible cultural heritage status | Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, National Inventory of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Malaysia |
| Described at URL | https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/01613, https://ich.unesco.org/fr/RL/01613, https://ich.unesco.org/es/RL/01613 |
Pantun (Jawi: ڤنتون) yaa Maayizẽ wã sẽn gomd goam sẽn yaa kãn-kãe n gomd b sẽn tagsd bũmb ninsã la b sẽn tagsd to-to wã.[1] Yaa ne sõor sẽn yaa sõma la b sõdga ne ABAB sõor sẽn pa zems ye. Pãntun sẽn yaa bilfã yaa pʋ-bɩɩg a yiib sẽn yaa sõma tɩ b boond tɩ Pãntún dua kerat wã. Pãntùn sẽn yaa zãag n yɩɩdã yaa pʋ-pãng sẽn yaa 16 la b boond tɩ Emã belas kerat. Pantun yaa gom-biis sẽn yaa toor-toorã sẽn yaa pʋ-bʋs a yiib pʋgẽ, tɩ pipi wã yaa gom-zug sẽn boond tɩ pembayang bɩ sampiran sẽn pa tar logik sẽn be zĩig pʋgẽ wã, la gom-zug ning sẽn gomd a yiib-n-soabã sẽn boond tɩ maksud bɩ isi wã.[2][3][4] La b sẽn da tar b mensã, b leb n getame tɩ b yaa b sẽn gomd ne taab n pa tõe n maan bũmb a to ye. Sẽn paase, a Zeova pa sak n bas tɩ b maan bũmb sẽn yaa tɩlae ye. Pantunã sẽn yaa sõma n yɩɩd yaa karẽnga (rɩt a naas) la karẽnga ("rɩt-bi-bi-biri") sẽn zĩnd b yiibã fãa sɛbã la nin-buiidã sʋka.
B sẽn gʋls tɩ pantun wã yaa pipi buud-gomdã, b gʋlsa yʋʋmd 1500 soabã pʋgẽ, Malka soolmẽ wã , la bãngdb kẽer tẽedame tɩ pantun tõe n yɩɩ buud-gomd ning sẽn yaa Malai wã meng buud-gomde. A ra yaa Srivijaya wakatẽ wã, la a ra yaa Malka ned sẽn lugl-a tẽngã. Malɛkɩ soolmã pʋgẽ, b ra gomda malɛsɩ sɛb nins sẽn tar yõod n yɩɩd wã yelle. B get-a lame tɩ yaa minim sẽn tar pãng wʋsgo, la a yaa Malɛy sɛbã sẽn yaa bũmb sẽn pa tõe n welg ye. A leb n yɩɩ bũmb sẽn yaa bũmb sẽn pa tar yõod ne Maay nebã sẽn da moond koɛɛgã daar fãa wã, la a yɩɩl-kãsems ning b sẽn maandẽ wã pʋgẽ.
Dɩtaarã
[tekre | teke sidgem]A Za'aba yeelame tɩ gom-biig ning sẽn yaa pantun wã yita Malasẽ gom-biig a sepantun (Jawi: سڤنتون), sẽn dat n yeel tɩ '[5] B tũnugda ne gom-biigã n wilg tɩ yaa gom-bi-noog wall gom-biis sẽn yaa wa gom-biisi, la yaa gom-bil sẽn yaa to-to sẽn be pagbã pʋga. B sẽn gomd tɩ pantun wã võor yaa bũmb sẽn yaa bũmb sẽn pa tar yõod ne nebã. A leb n gomda gom-bũn sẽn yaa bũmb ning b sẽn boond tɩ pantun sẽn yaa b sẽn boond t'a yɩɩlã yelle.
La b yetame tɩ pantun yita gom-biig ning sẽn boond tɩ penuntun ('kẽngd'), [6] sẽn yit n yit n yit ne gom-biigã sẽn boond tɩ pe (n), la gom-biig a tuntun (Jawi:تونتون) bɩ 'kẽngda' pʋgẽ.[7] Wala makre, a Brandstetter yeelame tɩ gom-biigã yita tun la a sẽn wõnd a taabã sẽn yaa b sẽn wʋmd koɛɛgã Austronezi buud-goamẽ wã pʋgẽ, sẽn tar võor wʋsgo: Kapampangan tuntun ('tũud sẽn zems sõma'), Tagalog tonton ('tũudu sẽn zems sõma'), Javans kʋdemdã tuntun ('tõudu'), atuntun ('tũuda sõma'), matuntun ('tõnd taoor'), la Toba Batak pantun ('tõnga' bɩ 'tõnd waoogre'). A Winstedt sakame tɩ b bãng tɩ b sẽn gomd bũmb ning b sẽn gʋlsd n paasd b sẽn maandã, b pa tõe n yeel tɩ b gomda goam sẽn yaa sõma ye. Ari Welianto wilgame tɩ pantun yita Minangkabau gom-biig ning sẽn yaa patuntun wã nengẽ, sẽn dat n yeel tɩ "kẽndre". [8]
Kibsa
[tekre | teke sidgem]Karen-biis kẽer tẽedame tɩ b ra karemda b sẽn karemdã n dengẽ, la tɩ tõe tɩ yaa buud-gomdã meng bal n dengẽ wã. A Muhammad Haji Salleh tẽedame tɩ sẽn sɩng ne b sẽn boond tɩ pantunsã yita Srivijaya, la yaa vẽeneg tɩ b yita Palembang bɩ Malayu tẽngã pʋga. Palembang sẽn lebg kãsenga, tẽns a yiibã nebã ra mii taaba, la b sẽn da gomd buud-gomd a yembr wã, b ra yaa politikã zabdb ye. [9] La b ra miime tɩ b sẽn wa n maand a woto wã, b paama b sẽn da tõe n bãng bũmb ning sẽn yaa malɛzi sɛbã sẽn sɩng yʋʋmd 15 soabã pʋgẽ wã. Yaa b sẽn da gʋlsd bũmb ning sẽn yaa pipi wã.
Yʋʋm 500 sẽn looge, pagbã ra yaa b sẽn da tar n zãadẽ, la b ra yaa b rãmb sẽn da yaa b rãmb n maandẽ. Rũndã-rũndã, b mii-a ne Malay buud-goam 40 la 35 sẽn pa Malay buud-gomdẽ la Malai nus-yɩgã la Zĩ-bɩɩg-kãsengã sẽn be Azi-dʋʋg-dʋʋgã tẽn-tẽnsã wʋsg pʋgẽ. B sẽn da tar pagbã sẽn yaa pagbã la b sẽn yaa b rãmba, b sẽn yaa pagb la b yaa b rãmba. Pantun buud sẽn boond tɩ pantun berkait, sẽn tar karẽ-rãmb sẽn yaa taab n be, a Ernest Fouinet n sɩng yʋʋmd 19 soabã sẽn sɩng ne Zapẽ wã poezi, la Victor Hugo n kɩt tɩ b bãng tɩ yaa rẽ n kɩt tɩ yaa pantoum sẽn yaa rũndã-rũndã wã n lebg bũmb ning sẽn kɩt tɩ b lebg tɩ nebã wʋmd a võore.
Tẽebã
[tekre | teke sidgem]Pantunã yaa gom-biis sẽn yaa buud toor-toore, sẽn wilgd Maalii nebã sẽn get vɩɩmã la b sẽn gũbg-b to-to wã, la b ra tũnugda ne-a n wilgd b tagsg la b tagsa wã sẽn pa tar saabã. B miime tɩ b sẽn boond tɩ pantunsã yaa malɛzi nebã sẽn yaa b mensã makrã, tɩ b yaa adat (dẽn-naandsã) la adab (dẽnnaandsã). Bala, Maayã buud-gomdã wilgda tɩ b segd n maana sũ-noog ne nebã, la tɩ b segd me n maan b sẽn tõe n wilg b sẽn yet bũmb ningã. B sẽn gʋlsd malɛy wã, b gʋlsda makr-paalsã, mak-sõamyã, mak-n-taarã, nin-buiidã sẽn yaa nin-buiidã, b gʋlsd-b-la gom-biis la b gʋlsd b sẽn yaa nin sẽn yaa ninã.
Maay buud-gomdã pʋgẽ, pantun yaa bũmb sẽn tar yõod wʋsg sẽn wilgd tɩ b gomda ne nebã, b getẽ la b getẽ. B tũnugda ne-a n wilgd b tagsg, n kõt sagls, n makd b mens ne taab n sõs ne-ba, la b kɩtdẽ tɩ b sõsgã noomẽ. Wala makre, b tũnugda ne b sẽn maandẽ wã n na n wilg tɩ b yaa pʋg-paalã la pʋg-paalga taoor dãmb sẽn wa n wa n wa pʋg-paala roogẽ. Wala tʋʋm-teed sẽn wilgd tɩ b gomda ne nebã, b leb n tũnugda ne b yɩɩl nins b sẽn boond tɩ Malasɩ wã goam wʋsg pʋgẽ. B leb n tũnugd ne yɩɩl nins sẽn yaa nin-buiidã sẽn nong n nong n wʋmd wa Zapin, Inang la Joget wã. B tõe n yãa bũmb a taab sẽn tar yõod wʋsg sẽn yaa pantunsã sẽn yaa bũmb ning sẽn sõngd tɩ b tõog n maand tʋʋm-noodã wa Dondang Sayang, Bangsawan, Makyong, Mek Mulung la Dikir Barat. B sẽn maand yɩɩl-kãensã sõma wã yaa b sẽn na n gom n wilg tɩ b yɩɩl-a lame, la b tõog n sõs ne-a tao-tao, ne b yam-yãkr la b bãng-a sõma.
Indonezi wã tara gom-biis wʋsg sẽn yaa sõma. B sẽn da maand tɩ b gomd bũmb wʋsg n pa gʋlsã, b sẽn boond tɩ pantun wã yaa bũmb sẽn yaa to-to Maay soolmã tẽns wʋsg pʋsẽ. Bãngr-goam kẽer sẽn maand ne tãb-biisã yaa sõss-rãmbã; makre, Central la Eastern Java wã sẽn boond tɩ kentrungã, b tũnugda ne tãbb-biisi (b sẽn boond tɩ parikan) n togsd tũudum wall tẽn-tẽngã kibay ne tãb sẽn naag ne tãbse [10], baa ne tɩ yaa wa b sẽn da maand rũndã-rũndã wã, tɩ yaa wa yʋʋm 20nd yʋʋm kob-gĩndã sɩngrẽ sɛb wa H. Overbeck la J. J. De Hollander sẽn yeel tɩ tãb-bib sẽn wõnd tãb-birã pa be Javɛn kʋdemdã wakat kãnga. Sɩd me, Indonezi sɛb wʋsg yaa tʋʋm-no-kãsems sẽn yaa toor-toorã sẽn yaa toor fasɩ, wala Sumatra rɩtgẽ wã Minangkabau wã Randai, sẽn naagd instrumental mizik, dans, drama la zab-teed ne tʋʋm-noodã. [11]
B sẽn wilg tɩ b yaa
[tekre | teke sidgem]A sẽn yaa a sẽn yaa kãseng n yɩɩd wã pʋgẽ, a Pantun wã yaa karẽn-naab sẽn tũnugd ne a sẽn yaa a zabdã. B sẽn da wae n maandẽ, b ra gomda bũmb sẽn yaa sõma n yɩɩd bũmb ning b sẽn yetã. "Pantun wã yaa seb-n-taag a naasã sẽn tar a naasã, n koosd ne seb-n naasã sẽn yaa to-to-to, n wẽnemd ne gom-bi-no-kãsemse. Wakat ninga, pipi seb-nẽnga ne a yiib-n-soabã wõnda b pa tar taab ne a tãab-n-to wã ye, la wakat ninga fãa, a yaa ne taab n loe. Pantunã yaa gom-bi-kãsemse, la sẽn na yɩl n wʋm a võore, neb nins sẽn karemd-a wã segd n bãnga bõn-naands nins b sẽn tũnug ne wã võor sẽn yaa to-to. Makr (a Katharine Sim sẽn lebg n togs rẽ poore):
Tanam selasih di tengah padang,
Sudah bertangkai diurung semut,
Kita kasih orang tak sayang,
Halai-balai tempurung hanyut.
Mam bʋka baasilik sẽn yaa wa sẽn be zĩ-sʋka.A sẽn bɩ, a ra pida ne wa-rɩtbã.
M nongame, la m pa nong ye.
Mam yɛɛsame, la m pa tõe n maan bũmb ye.
A Sim yeelame tɩ hallai-balai tempurung hanyut rat n yeelame tɩ 'kẽng sẽn lebgd n lebgd n be koomẽ wã, a yoobã la a yopoe wã.' Selasih ('baasil sẽn yaa wa-a-la-la-m-mengã') rat n yeelame tɩ "nongre", bala a leb n wẽe gom-biig ning sẽn yaa kekasih. Bõn-naands a taab sẽn nong n lebg n be wã yaa tɩr ne zĩm, sẽn wilgd bi-pugl ne a nonglem; tɩr (tupai), sẽn wilgd tɩ ned yaa tʋllem soaba; la tɩr (bunga kiambang), sẽn rat n yeel tɩ nonglem pa na n le paas ye. Pantunã taa n tũnugda ne gom-bũnã la tẽn-tẽngã la pĩnd wẽndẽ gom-biis b sẽn yetã, wala makre, Munshi Abdullah sẽn gʋlsd seb-gʋlsdã:
Singapura negeri baharu,
Tuan Raffles menjadi raja,
Bunga melur, cempaka biru,
Kembang sekuntum di mulut naga.
Singapore yaa tẽng paalga.A Tuan Raffles lebga a zu-soabã.
Sɩngd-rãmba, ro-paalgã,
Bãag-rɩt-rɩll sẽn be a wag-wilgr noorẽ wã.
Woto wilgdame tɩ Sir Stamford Raffles n lugl Singapor yʋʋmd 1819 wã. A raab a ye wã rat n yeelame tɩ bi-pugl sẽn tar pãng n kogend-a wã. La a Sim yeelame tɩ rẽ tõe n dat n yeelame tɩ yaa Raffles pagã, a Olivia.
Wakat ninga, b tõe n kɩtame tɩ b maan karẽn-biis a taaba, tɩ rẽ wɛɛngẽ b boond-a tɩ karẽn-bib. Woto tũuda aab rɛtb sẽn yaa to-to wã, tɩ b sẽn gʋlsd a yiib-n-soabã la a naas-n-soaadã lebg a yiib-soabã ne a tãab-n-saadã. Sẽn paase, pipi la a tãab-n-soabã yaa pipi la a naas-n-to wã, tɩ yɩɩl a yiib-n-seenda la a naas soabã lebg woto. Pantun buud-goam kãngã n tar pãng wʋsg ne tẽns nins sẽn be Zapẽ wã sɛbã pʋsẽ.
Ges-y me
[tekre | teke sidgem]- Pantoum
- Gurindam
- Hainteny
- Sisindiran
- Syair
Sebtiise
[tekre | teke sidgem]- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20220527100611/https://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/data2/BookSG/publish/c/cbae6616-f86a-4d1b-a8aa-9550fdcc980b/web/html5/index.html?opf=tablet/BOOKSG.xml&launchlogo=tablet/BOOKSG_BrandingLogo_.png&pn=28
- ↑ https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/pantun-01613
- ↑ https://www.atlantis-press.com/proceedings/icade-18/55913535
- ↑ https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03062849408729808?journalCode=cimw19
- ↑ https://prpm.dbp.gov.my/Cari1?keyword=sepantun
- ↑ https://prpm.dbp.gov.my/Cari1?keyword=pantun
- ↑ https://prpm.dbp.gov.my/Cari1?keyword=tuntun
- ↑ https://www.kompas.com/skola/read/2020/03/03/183000169/struktur-dan-jenis-pantun?page=all
- ↑ https://www.researchgate.net/publication/277636554
- ↑ https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/48100094
- ↑ https://www.britannica.com/art/pantun
Vẽenem
[tekre | teke sidgem]- Daillie, Francois-Rene (1988). Alam Pantun Melayu: Yaa vaeesg sẽn kẽed ne Malay pantunã yelle. Yaa Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka. ISBN 978-9836203106 sẽn yaa nin-sabls tẽnsa fãa sebre.
- Ding, Choo Ming (2008). " Pantun sẽn yaa ninsabls tẽnsa la Nusantara ninsabls tẽnsa sẽn be yʋʋm kob-gĩnd 21 soabã pʋgẽ wã la sẽn paasd rẽ". Southeast Asia Journal wã. 18 (2).
- Harun Mat Piah (2007). Pantun Melayu: bingkisan permata. Yaa Yayasan Karyawan. ISBN 978-9814459884 sẽn yaa ninsabls tẽnsa fãa sebre.
- Hirsch, Edward (2014). A Poet's Glossary. A Poet's Glossary. A Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. ISBN 978-0151011957.
- Kassim Ahmad (1966). B sẽn gʋlsd Hikayat Hang Tuahã pʋgẽ: A General Survey of Methods of Character-portreal and Analysis and Interpretation of the Characters of Hang Tuah and Hang Jebat. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia.
- Liaw, Yock Fang (2013). A History of Classical Malay Literature (Malayi kʋdemdã seb-bɛdã). ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Inistɛtã. ISBN 978-9814459884 sẽn yaa nin-sabls tẽnsa fãa sebre.
- Matusky, Patricia; Tan, Sooi Beng (2004), The Music of Malaysia: The Classical, Folk and Syncretic Traditions, Routledge, ISBN 978-0754608318
- Abels, Birgit (2011). Austronési wã koees sẽn yaa toore: yɩɩl sẽn be Ozeani la Azi yaang-taoorã. Yaa Amɛstɛrdam inivɛrsite wã n yiisd seb-kãngã. ISBN 978-9089640857 yaa sẽn nan yɩll tɩ b tõog n maan b sẽn datã.
- A Muhammad Haji Salleh (2011). "Tõnd sẽn kẽed koom-koglg pʋgẽ n gilgd tẽn-kɩremsã: Pantun sẽn be Malay soolmẽ wã". Wacana. 13 (1).
- A Muhammad Haji Salleh (2018). Pantun: yaa sũ-sãangã verse. University of Malaya Press. ISBN 9789831009765.
- Overbeck, Hans Friedrich (1922). "Malayi Pantunã". Journal of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. Yaa seb-kãng la b sẽn boond tɩ Journal of the Straits Branch. Yaa Royal Asiatic Society sẽn be Maleisi wã. 85.
- A Sim, a Katharine (1987). Sẽn yɩɩd Pantun: Malay verse wʋmbo. Singapore: Times Publishing International.
- Wilkinson, R. J. (1908). Sebr sẽn gomd Malais rãmb yelle: Vɩɩm la minim. 1. Kuala Lumpur: F.M.S. Goosneema. Gʋls-y-yã.
- Winstedt, Richard Olaf (1969). A sẽn gʋls malɛg-kʋdã sɛb to-to wã. Yaa Oksford Inivɛrsite Press. ASIN B0006CJ8PU.
- Wright, Arnold (1908). Yʋʋm kob-gĩnd a yiib-n-soabã pʋgẽ, b sẽn yã bũmb ning sẽn maan ne Malaayi sẽn da yaa Bertayn soolmã: A kibayã, a nin-buiidã, a koosgã, a tʋʋma, la a arzɛkã. A Lloyd's Greater Britain Publishing Company wã.
- Za'aba (1962). Ilmu Mengarang Melayu (Malay gʋls-noor minim). Yaa Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
- Tengku Ritawati (2018). "Pantun in The Text of Nyanyian Lagu Melayu Asli" sẽn yaa sebr b sẽn gʋls ne buud-gomd ning b sẽn boond tɩ Malay wã pʋgẽ. Harmonia: Zʋrnall sẽn gomd minimã vaeesg la kareng yelle. Karẽn-bi-bɛda, reem la mizik, Universitas Islam Riau, Indonezi. 18 (1).
Zems-n-taase
[tekre | teke sidgem]- A Chisholm, a Hugh, a Ed. (1911). "Pantun" wã. Encyclopaedia Britannica wã pʋgẽ. Sebr a 20 (Sebr a 11 soabã). Cambridge University Press. p. 686.
- Heer, Nicholas (6 tʋʋl-nif kiuug 2008). " A Famous Pantun from Marsden's Malayan Grammar" (PDF) sẽn yaa sebr sẽn gomd Malayi-rãmb yelle. Washington university wã.
- Pantun.com